Safely Ingestible Batteries that Rapidly Deactivate in Biological Environments and Methods of Making Same
AssigneeFenwood Labs Inc.
InventorsBryan Laulicht, Jonah Myerberg, Ravikumar Vasudevan, Zachary Kelly
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides batteries that have a reduced risk or no risk of esophageal or gastrointestinal damage in a conductive aqueous environment, such as when accidentally swallowed. The batteries are, in some embodiments, nominally 9V, 3V or 1.5V coin or button cell-type batteries.
Claims50
A battery comprising:
- a) an anode case;
- b) a cathode case comprising:
- i) a cathode inner conductive layer comprising aluminum (Al), stainless steel, chromium (Cr), gold (Au), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), an alloy thereof, or a combination of any two or more thereof, and
- ii) a cathode deactivating layer comprising a deactivating metal comprising niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), an alloy thereof, or any combination thereof, wherein the cathode deactivating layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 1 μm to 400 μm
- iii) wherein the ratio of the thickness of the cathode deactivating layer to the thickness of the inner conductive layer is from 8:1 to 1:2.5 at least at a point in a bottom portion of the cathode case,
- iv) wherein the cathode case has a uniform or varying thickness of 50 μm to 400 μm,
- v) wherein the cathode case comprises a hem fold structure,
- vi) and further wherein the cathode inner conductive layer and the cathode deactivating layer are in electrical contact,
- c) an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode;
- and
- e) a gasket between the anode case and the cathode case.
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A cathode case comprising
- a) a cathode inner conductive layer comprising aluminum (Al), stainless steel, chromium (Cr), gold (Au), vanadium (V), nickel (Ni), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), an alloy thereof, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
- b) a cathode deactivating layer comprising a deactivating metal comprising Ta, Nb, an alloy thereof, or any combination thereof, wherein the cathode deactivating layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 1 μm to 400 μm;
- c) wherein the ratio of thickness of the cathode deactivating layer to the thickness of the inner conductive layer is from 8:1 to 1:2.5 at least at a point in a bottom portion of the cathode case,
- d) wherein the cathode case has a uniform or varying thickness of 50 μm to 400 μm, and
- e) further wherein the cathode case comprises a hem fold structure.
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Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.