Collaborative learning of question generation and question answering

A computer-implemented method, comprising:

• training a first machine learning model to perform a question generation task and a second machine learning model to perform a question answering task, the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model being subjected to a collaborative training in which a first plurality of weights applied by the first machine learning model generating one or more questions are adjusted to minimize an error in an output of the second machine learning model answering the one or more questions;
• and
• applying the collaboratively trained first machine learning model to perform the question generation task.

A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, which when executed by at least one data processor, result in operations comprising:

• training a first machine learning model to perform a question generation task and a second machine learning model to perform a question answering task, the first machine learning model and the second machine learning model being subjected to a collaborative training in which a first plurality of weights applied by the first machine learning model generating one or more questions are adjusted to minimize an error in an output of the second machine learning model answering the one or more questions;
• and
• applying the collaboratively trained first machine learning model to perform the question generation task.