# US 2022/0045384 A1 · Battery pack design and method > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2022/0045384 A1 - Document ID: US20220045384A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/452,067 - Filed: 2021-10-25 - Published: 2022-02-10 - Earliest claimed: 2019-04-25 - Assignees: HAPSMobile Inc. - Applicants: HAPSMobile Inc. - Inventors: Peter DELIOUSSINE; Brian JENSEN - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20220045384A1 ## CPC - H01M 10/625: Vehicles - H01M 10/6552: Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes - H01M 10/658: by thermal insulation or shielding - H01M 50/204: Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells - H01M 50/249: specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains (constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles B60L50/64) - H01M 50/308: Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems - H01M 50/3425: {in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member} - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02P 70/50: Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS ## Abstract In at least one embodiment, provided is a battery pack for a vehicle including battery pack for a vehicle, the battery pack having a firebox for enclosing batteries, an electronics compartment, thermal insulation surrounding the firebox and the electronics compartment, and heat pipes. The heat pipes may include firebox heat pipes contacting the firebox on an evaporator end and extending to an exterior surface of the battery pack on a condenser end, and electronics compartment heat pipes extending from within the electronics compartment on an evaporators end and extending through the thermal insulation to the exterior surface of the battery pack on a condenser end. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A battery pack for a vehicle, the battery pack comprising: a) a firebox for enclosing batteries; b) an electronics compartment; c) thermal insulation surrounding the firebox and the electronics compartment; and d) heat pipes comprising: (1) firebox heat pipes adjacent to the firebox on an evaporator end and extending to an exterior surface of the battery pack on a condenser end; and (2) electronics compartment heat pipes extending from within the electronics compartment on an evaporators end and extending through the thermal insulation to the exterior surface of the battery pack on a condenser end. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the firebox heat pipes comprise variable conductance heat pipes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the electronics compartment heat pipes comprise variable conductance heat pipes. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the firebox heat pipes comprise variable conductance heat pipes and the electronics compartment heat pipes comprise variable conductance heat pipes, and wherein the firebox heat pipes comprise variable conductance heat pipes comprising a first operating temperature range, and wherein the electronics compartment heat pipes comprise variable conductance heat pipes comprising a second operating temperature range. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation comprises at least one of: a) an aerogel; or b) a vacuum panel insulation. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the thermal insulation comprises polyimide foam. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation comprises an outer layer comprising vacuum sealed NANOPORE. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The battery pack of claim 7, wherein the thermal insulation comprises an inner layer comprising SOLIMIDE. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1 further comprising a pyrolytic graphite sheet secured to an exterior surface of the firebox. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The battery pack of claim 9, wherein pyrolytic graphite sheet secured to the exterior surface of the firebox secures the evaporator end of the firebox heat pipes to the firebox. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1 further comprising a pyrolytic graphite sheet secured to an inside of the firebox. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1 further comprising a pyrolytic graphite sheet secured to an exterior the thermal insulation. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1 further comprising a pyrolytic graphite sheet secured to an exterior the thermal insulation, and wherein the pyrolytic graphite sheet secures the condenser end of the firebox heat pipes to the thermal insulation. ### Claim 14 (depends on 12) The battery pack of claim 12 further comprising a first pyrolytic graphite sheet and a second pyrolytic graphite sheet secured, wherein the first pyrolytic graphite sheet is secured to an exterior of the thermal insulation and wherein the second pyrolytic graphite sheet is secured over the condenser end of the firebox heat pipe to the first pyrolytic graphite sheet. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the further comprising a pressure relief vent extending through the firebox and the thermal insulation to an exterior of the vehicle. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The battery pack of claim 15, wherein the pressure relief vent further comprises: a) a vent hole extending through the firebox and the thermal insulation to an exterior of the vehicle; b) a vent hole plug; and c) a pressure relief frangible vent cover at least partially covering the vent hole plug to retain it within the vent hole. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The battery pack of claim 16, wherein the pressure relief frangible vent cover is adapted to at least partially cover the vent hole plug until the thermal runaway gases force the vent hole plug from the vent hole. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The battery pack of claim 16, wherein the pressure relief frangible vent cover comprises: a) a frangible flexure comprising a vent plug cover portion and a weakened region; and b) a pad portion surrounding the frangible flexure, the pad portion being separated from the vent plug cover portion by a gap between the vent plug cover portion and the pad portion, the pad portion being connected to the frangible flexure by the weakened region. ### Claim 19 A method for thermal management of a battery pack, the method comprising: a) containing batteries and battery electronics within a firebox; b) surrounding the battery pack with vacuum panel or aerogel insulation; c) interposing polyimide foam between the firebox and the aerogel insulation; and d) providing heat pipes extending from inside the insulation to outside the insulation. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The method of claim 19, wherein providing heat pipes comprises providing variable heat pipes comprising a first set of heat pipes having a first operating temperature range adjacent to the electronics and a second set of heat pipes having a second operating temperature range adjacent to the firebox.