# US 2022/0037720 A1 · Thermal runaway suppressant of lithium batteries and the related applications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2022/0037720 A1 - Document ID: US20220037720A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/372,057 - Filed: 2021-07-09 - Published: 2022-02-03 - Earliest claimed: 2020-07-29 - Assignees: Prologium Technology Co., Ltd.; Prologium Holding Inc. - Applicants: Prologium Technology Co., Ltd.; Prologium Holding Inc. - Inventors: Szu-Nan YANG - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20220037720A1 ## CPC - H01M 10/6595: by chemical reactions other than electrochemical reactions of the cells, e.g. catalytic heaters or burners - H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries - H01M 10/0567: characterised by the additives - H01M 10/0569: characterised by the solvents - H01M 10/613: Cooling or keeping cold - H01M 10/625: Vehicles - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract The invention provides a thermal runaway suppressant of lithium batteries and the related applications. The thermal runaway suppressant includes a passivation composition supplier, for releasing a metal ion (A), selected from a non-lithium alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion or a combination thereof, and an amphoteric metal ion (B), a polar solution supplier and an isolating mechanism, which is capable of separating the passivation composition supplier and the polar solution supplier within a predetermined temperature. When the isolating mechanism is failed and the polar solution supplier releases a polar solution to carry the metal ion (A) and the amphoteric metal ion (B) into the lithium battery and react with the positive active material and the negative active material to a state with lower energy. The voltage of the whole battery is decreased and the electrochemical reaction pathway is blocked to prevent the thermal runaway from occurring. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A thermal runaway suppressant, comprising: a passivation composition supplier, for releasing a metal ion (A) and an amphoteric metal ion (B), and wherein the metal ion (A) is selected from a non-lithium alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion or a combination thereof; a polar solution supplier; and an isolating mechanism, encapsulating the passivation composition supplier and/or the polar solution supplier to separate the passivation composition supplier and the polar solution supplier, when a temperature of the thermal runaway suppressant reaches to a predetermined temperature, the isolating mechanism is failed and the polar solution supplier releases a polar solution to carry the metal ion (A) and the amphoteric metal ion (B) to a positive active material and a negative active material of a lithium battery for passivation and terminate an electrochemical reaction. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the passivation composition supplier is anhydrous, the polar solution supplier is water-releasing compound decomposed endothermically to release water, and the isolating mechanism is a polymer layer with holes. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the metal ion (A) is selected from a sodium ion, a potassium ion or a combination thereof. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the amphoteric metal ion (B) is an aluminum ion, a zinc ion or a combination thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the isolating mechanism is a capsule. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 5, wherein the capsule is made of a thermosensitive decomposition material or a dissolvable material, which is dissolved in the polar solution. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the polar solution supplier is water-releasing compound decomposed endothermically to release water. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the polar solution supplier is a pure water. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 8, wherein the polar solution supplier is added with a hydrophilic material with a boiling point higher than the pure water. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the passivation composition supplier and/or the polar solution supplier is mixed with a film-forming agent or attached to a structural supporting material to form a film. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 10, wherein the isolating mechanism is a protecting layer coating on the film. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 10, wherein the structural supporting material is selected from a paper, a polymer fiber, a gel polymer or a glass fiber. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1, wherein the predetermined temperature is 70-130° C. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) A lithium battery capable of suppressing thermal runaway, including an electrochemical reaction system, wherein the electrochemical reaction system includes a positive active material layer, a negative active material layer, a separator and an electrolyte system, the separator is sandwiched between the positive active material layer and the negative active material layer and the electrolyte system is filled in the electrochemical reaction system; wherein any one of the positive active material layer, the negative active material layer, or the separator, and electrolyte system includes a thermal runaway suppressant of claim 1. ### Claim 15 A lithium battery capable of suppressing thermal runaway, comprising: a package component, sealing and housing an electrochemical reaction system; and a thermal runaway suppressor, disposed outside of the electrochemical reaction system, comprising: a passivation composition supplier, for releasing a metal ion (A) and an amphoteric metal ion (B), and wherein the metal ion (A) is selected from a non-lithium alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion or a combination thereof; a polar solution supplier, for releasing a polar solution; and an isolating mechanism, encapsulating the passivation composition supplier and/or the polar solution supplier to separate the passivation composition supplier and the polar solution supplier, when a temperature of the thermal runaway suppressor reaches to a predetermined temperature, the isolating mechanism is failed and the polar solution supplier releases a polar solution to carry the metal ion (A) and the amphoteric metal ion (B) to a positive active material and a negative active material of a lithium battery for passivation and terminate an electrochemical reaction. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The lithium battery of claim 15, wherein the thermal runaway suppressor is disposed between the electrochemical reaction system and the package component. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The lithium battery of claim 15, wherein the package component includes at least one through hole. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The lithium battery of claim 17, wherein the through hole is covered by a removable gate layer, which closes a opening of the through hole. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The lithium battery of claim 18, wherein the gate layer is composed of a thermosensitive decomposition material or a material reacted with the passivation composition supplier or the polar solution supplier to be removed. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) The lithium battery of claim 18, wherein the package component is formed by a first current collecting layer, a second current collecting layer and a glue frame, wherein the glue frame is sandwiched between the first current collecting layer and the second current collecting layer, the first current collecting layer or the second current collecting layer includes the through hole, and the thermal runaway suppressor is disposed on a open surface of the current collecting layer or the second current collecting layer to cover the gate layer. ### Claim 21 (depends on 17) The lithium battery of claim 17, wherein the package component is formed by a first current collecting layer, a second current collecting layer and a glue frame, wherein the glue frame is sandwiched between the first current collecting layer and the second current collecting layer, the first current collecting layer or the second current collecting layer includes the through hole, and the thermal runaway suppressor is disposed on a open surface of the current collecting layer or the second current collecting layer to cover the through hole. ### Claim 22 (depends on 15) The lithium battery of claim 15, wherein the predetermined temperature is 70-130° C. ### Claim 23 (depends on 15) The lithium battery of claim 15, wherein the isolating mechanism is selected from a protecting layer, a capsule or a combination thereof. ### Claim 24 (depends on 15) The lithium battery of claim 15, wherein the polar solution supplier is water-releasing compound decomposed endothermically to release water.