# US 2022/0035481 A1 · Touch sensing apparatus > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2022/0035481 A1 - Document ID: US20220035481A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/277,043 - Filed: 2019-10-07 - Published: 2022-02-03 - Earliest claimed: 2018-10-20 - Assignees: FlatFrog Laboratories AB - Applicants: FlatFrog Laboratories AB - Inventors: Håkan Bergström; Tomas Svensson - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20220035481A1 ## CPC - G06F 3/0428: {by sensing at the edges of the touch surface the interruption of optical paths, e.g. an illumination plane, parallel to the touch surface which may be virtual (sensing beam interruptions in a planar beam grid of an optical touch-screen G06F3/0421)} - G02B 3/08: with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens {(diffractive Fresnel lenses G02B5/1876)} - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS ## Abstract A touch sensing apparatus is disclosed comprising a panel that defines a touch surface extending in a plane having a normal axis, emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the panel, a light directing element arranged adjacent the perimeter, the emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of light and the light directing element is arranged to receive the beam of light through a first surface and couple out the beam of light through a second surface to direct the beam of light across the touch surface substantially parallel to the touch surface, the beam of light is received through the first surface at a first distance from the touch surface and is deflected by the light directing element to the second surface to couple out the beam of light at a second distance from the touch surface, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A touch sensing apparatus comprising: a panel that defines a touch surface extending in a plane having a normal axis, a plurality of emitters and detectors arranged along a perimeter of the panel, a light directing element arranged adjacent the perimeter, wherein the emitters are arranged to emit a respective beam of light and the light directing element is arranged to receive the beam of light through a first surface and couple out the beam of light through a second surface to direct the beam of light across the touch surface substantially parallel to the touch surface, wherein the beam of light is received through the first surface at a first distance from the touch surface and is deflected by the light directing element to the second surface to couple out the beam of light at a second distance from the touch surface, wherein the first distance is greater than the second distance. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first surface receives light from a plurality of light beams across a surface area having a first projected width on the normal axis, wherein the received light is coupled out through the second surface across a surface area having a second projected width on the normal axis, wherein said first distance is a minimum separation between the touch surface and the first projected width, and the second distance is a minimum separation between the touch surface and the second projected width. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second surfaces comprises; a tilted surface forming an acute angle with the normal axis or a lens, to deflect the beam of light from the first surface to the second surface and direct the beam of light across the touch surface substantially parallel to the touch surface. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said lens comprises a Fresnel lens. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first and second surfaces extend between a base surface of the light directing element, facing the panel, and a top surface of the light directing element, opposite the base surface, and wherein each of the first and second surfaces are tilted with respective first and second acute angles relative the normal axis so that the top surface is offset from the base surface in a direction along the plane from the perimeter towards the touch surfaced. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first and second acute angles are in the range of 20-40 degrees from the normal axis. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first acute angle is equal to the second acute angle. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first surface comprises a first lens to deflect the beam of light towards the second surface, and wherein the second surface comprises a second lens to couple out the beam of light through the second surface so that the light beam is parallel with the touch surface. ### Claim 9 (depends on 3) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first surface comprises a first lens to deflect the beam of light towards the second surface, and wherein the second surface is tilted with a second acute angle relative the normal axis to deflect the beam of light to be parallel with the touch surface. ### Claim 10 (depends on 5) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 5, comprising a light transmissive sealing element arranged between the tilted second surface and the touch surface, wherein the light transmissive sealing element has a first sealing surface facing the tilted second surface and an opposite second sealing surface extending in parallel with the normal axis. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the light transmissive sealing element is integral with the light directing element, and wherein the first sealing surface is separated from the tilted second surface by a cavity in the light directing element. ### Claim 12 (depends on 3) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first surface is tilted with a first acute angle relative the normal axis to deflect the beam of light towards the second surface, and wherein the second surface comprises a second lens to deflect the beam of light to be parallel with the touch surface. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the light directing element comprises a recess or a protrusion for interlocking with a correspondingly mating locking surface of a frame element along the perimeter of the touch sensing apparatus. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the light directing element and the recess and/or protrusion thereof are formed by an extrusion process. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to any of claim 1, comprising a diffusive light scattering element along a light path between the emitters or detectors and the touch surface. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 15, comprising at least one reflective surface arranged in the light path between the light scattering element and the plurality of emitters and detectors. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the at least one reflective surface comprises a specularly reflective surface or a diffusively reflective surface. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising at least one absorbing surface arranged along a light path between the emitters or detectors and the touch surface to confine reflections of light to a determined angular range in relation to the touch surface. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second surface extends between a base surface of the light directing element, facing the panel, and a top surface of the light directing element, opposite the base surface, wherein the top surface faces a correspondingly mating frame surface of a frame element of the touch sensing apparatus, wherein the frame element has a width along the normal axis overlapping at least a portion of the first projected width. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) A touch sensing apparatus according to any of claim 1, wherein the first surface extends between a base surface of the light directing element and a top surface of the light directing element, opposite the base surface, a seal arranged between the base surface and a frame element, wherein the seal is arranged radially outside an edge of the panel and is arranged against at least a portion of the base surface extending outside the edge, wherein the seal is substantially flush with the plane of the touch surface with respect to the normal axis, so that the base surface is substantially flush with the plane of the touch surface.