# US 2022/0035293 A1 · Image forming apparatus including transfer unit and capable of determining lifetime of transfer unit > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2022/0035293 A1 - Document ID: US20220035293A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/386,835 - Filed: 2021-07-28 - Published: 2022-02-03 - Earliest claimed: 2020-07-29 - Assignees: Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha - Applicants: Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha - Inventors: Tadao KYOTANI; Chieko MIMURA; Keita SUZUKI - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20220035293A1 ## CPC - G03G 15/55: {Self-diagnostics; Malfunction or lifetime display} - G03G 15/553: {Monitoring or warning means for exhaustion or lifetime end of consumables, e.g. indication of insufficient copy sheet quantity for a job} - G03G: ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY ## Abstract An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a transfer unit, a voltage supply circuit, and a controller. The transfer unit is configured to transfer developer onto a printing medium from the photosensitive drum. The voltage supply circuit is configured to supply voltage to the transfer unit. The controller is electrically connected to the voltage supply circuit. The controller is configured to: calculate a cumulative voltage value, the cumulative voltage value being a total of supplied voltage to the transfer unit from the voltage supply circuit after using the transfer unit is started; and determine how long a lifetime of the transfer unit remains based on the calculated cumulative voltage value. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An image forming apparatus comprising: a photosensitive drum; a transfer unit configured to transfer developer onto a printing medium from the photosensitive drum; a voltage supply circuit configured to supply voltage to the transfer unit; and a controller electrically connected to the voltage supply circuit, the controller being configured to: calculate a cumulative voltage value, the cumulative voltage value being a total of supplied voltage to the transfer unit from the voltage supply circuit after using the transfer unit is started; and determine how long a lifetime of the transfer unit remains based on the calculated cumulative voltage value. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a main frame, wherein the transfer unit is attachable to and detachable from the main frame. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transfer unit comprising: a transfer roller; and a transfer belt having annular shape and positioned between the photosensitive drum and the transfer roller, wherein the voltage supply circuit is configured to supply the voltage to the transfer roller. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The image forming apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to: count a cumulative number of printed sheets indicating cumulative number of sheets printed using the transfer unit after using the transfer unit in the image forming apparatus is started; count a cumulative number of rotations indicating cumulative number of rotations of the transfer belt after using the transfer unit in the image forming apparatus is started; calculate at least one of a first remaining life of the transfer unit based on the cumulative number of printed sheets, a second remaining life of the transfer unit based on the cumulative number of rotations and a third remaining life of the transfer unit based on the cumulative voltage value; and in a case where the controller determines how long a lifetime of the transfer unit remains based on the calculated cumulative voltage value, determine that the transfer unit has a short remaining life or reaches the lifetime when at least one of the first remaining life, the second remaining life and the third remaining life is shorter than a predetermined value previously set. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to calculate the cumulative voltage value by adding voltage value supplied from the voltage supply circuit to the transfer unit every predetermined sample time. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to determine how long the lifetime of the transfer unit remains based on a consumption amount calculated by multiplying the sample time and the cumulative voltage value. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transfer unit includes a transfer memory is configured to store the cumulative voltage value. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The image forming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to perform writing the calculated cumulative voltage value to the transfer memory. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The image forming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the transfer memory is configured to store therein type information of the transfer unit, and wherein the controller is configured to: read the type information of the transfer unit from the transfer memory; and in a case where the controller determines that the transfer unit reaches the lifetime, allow or restrict an extended use of the transfer unit after the transfer unit reaches the lifetime in accordance with the type information of the transfer unit. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a main memory is configured to store therein contract information indicating whether a contract related to the transfer unit is concluded or indicating type of a contract, wherein the controller is configured to: read the contract information from the transfer memory; and in a case where the controller determines that the transfer unit reaches the lifetime, allow or restrict an extended use of the transfer unit after the transfer unit reaches the lifetime in accordance with the contract information. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a display, wherein, in a case where the controller determines that the transfer unit has a short remaining life or reaches the lifetime, the controller is configured to display, on the display, a message indicating the transfer unit has a short remaining life or reaches the lifetime. ### Claim 12 (depends on 2) The image forming apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a drum cartridge including the photosensitive drum, the drum cartridge being attachable to and detachable from the drum cartridge. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The image forming apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the drum cartridge includes the transfer unit.