# US 2022/0033658 A1 · Mixed Cation Perovskite Material Devices

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- Number: US 2022/0033658 A1
- Document ID: US20220033658A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/506,194
- Filed: 2021-10-20
- Published: 2022-02-03
- Earliest claimed: 2013-11-26
- Applicants: CubicPV Inc.
- Inventors: Michael D. Irwin; Jerred A. Chute; Vivek V. Dhas; Kamil Mielczarek
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20220033658A1

## CPC

- C09D 11/037: characterised by the pigment
- C09D 1/00: Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on inorganic substances
- C09D 7/20: Diluents or solvents
- C09D 7/63: organic
- C09D 11/02: Printing inks (C09D11/30 takes precedence)
- C09D 11/36: based on non-aqueous solvents
- C09D 11/52: Electrically conductive inks
- H01G 9/0029: {Processes of manufacture}
- H01G 9/0036: {Formation of the solid electrolyte layer}
- H01G 9/2009: {Solid electrolytes}
- H01G 9/2027: {comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode}
- H01G 9/2031: {comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2 (H01G9/2036 takes precedence)}
- H01G 9/204: {comprising zinc oxides, e.g. ZnO (H01G9/2036 takes precedence)}
- H01G 9/2059: {comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution}
- H10F 77/12: Active materials
- H10K 30/82: Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes
- H10K 85/50: Organic perovskites; Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
- H10K 85/60: Organic compounds having low molecular weight (H10K85/10 - H10K85/50 take precedence)
- H01G 9/2036: {comprising mixed oxides, e.g. ZnO covered TiO2 particles}
- H10K 85/633: {comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom}
- H10K 85/636: {comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom}
- Y02E 10/542: Dye sensitized solar cells
- Y02E 10/549: Organic PV cells
- C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D)
- H01G: CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B3/00; capacitors having potential barriers H10D1/62, H10K10/10)
- H10F: INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10K: ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

Photovoltaic devices such as solar cells, hybrid solar cell-batteries, and other such devices may include an active layer disposed between two electrodes. The active layer may have perovskite material and other material such as mesoporous material, interfacial layers, thin-coat interfacial layers, and combinations thereof. The perovskite material may be photoactive. The perovskite material may be disposed between two or more other materials in the photovoltaic device. Inclusion of these materials in various arrangements within an active layer of a photovoltaic device may improve device performance. Other materials may be included to further improve device performance, such as, for example: additional perovskites, and additional interfacial layers.

## Claims

### Claim at position 1

1-30. (canceled)

### Claim 31

A photovoltaic device comprising:
a first electrode;
a second electrode; and
an active layer disposed at least partially between the first and second electrodes, the active layer comprising an interfacial layer, and a perovskite material layer, wherein the perovskite material has the formula CMX3 and the perovskite material layer is disposed adjacent to and in contact with the interfacial layer;
wherein C comprises guanidinium and one or more cations each selected from the group consisting of Group 1 metals, Group 2 metals, an alkylammonium, formamidinium, and imidazolium;
wherein M comprises one or more metals each selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sn, Pb, Bi, Ge, Ti, Zn, and combinations thereof; and
wherein X comprises one or more anions each selected from the group consisting of halides, pseudohalides, sulfides, selenides, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 32 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium and methyl ammonium.

### Claim 33 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium and formamidinium.

### Claim 34 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium and imidazolium.

### Claim 35 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium, methylammonium, and formamidinium.

### Claim 36 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium, methylammonium, and imidazolium.

### Claim 37 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium, formamidinium, and imidazolium.

### Claim 38 (depends on 1)

The photovoltaic device of claim 1, wherein C comprises guanidinium, methylammonium, formamidinium, and imidazolium.