Electrical impedance spectroscopy for evaluation of excision-required suspicious masses

2- The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the IPS of the plotted impedance phase diagram in the frequency range between 100 kHz and 500 kHz comprises calculating the IPS from a relation defined by:

• IPS
• =
• Phase
• 2
• -
• Phase
• 1
• log
• ⁢
• ⁢
• (
• Frequency
• 2
• )
• -
• log
• ⁢
• ⁢
• (
• Frequency
• 1
• )
• ,
• wherein Phase1 is a first measured impedance phase value at a first frequency value (Frequency1) of 100 kHz and Phase2 is a second measured impedance phase value at a second frequency value (Frequency2) of 500 kHz.

3- The method of claim 2, further comprising generating a calibration dataset, comprising:

• generating the reference impedance value, comprising:
• measuring a set of Z1 kHz values from a plurality of masses respective to a plurality of persons;
• and
• determining the reference impedance value equal to a maximum value of the measured set of Z1 kHz values;
• and
• generating the reference IPS, comprising:
• calculating, utilizing one or more processors, a set of IPS values from the plurality of masses;
• determining cancerous status of each mass of the plurality of masses by applying a pathological assay to each mass, the determined cancerous status comprising one of a benign state, a precancerous state, and a cancerous state, based on result of the applied pathological assay;
• assigning the determined status of each mass to the respective calculated IPS value;
• classifying the calculated set of IPS values into three IPS ranges based on the determined cancerous status of each mass of the plurality of masses, the three IPS ranges comprising:
• a benign IPS range comprising a first range of IPS values assigned as being of the benign state;
• a precancerous IPS range comprising a second range of IPS values assigned as being of the precancerous state;
• and
• a cancerous IPS range comprising a third range of IPS values assigned as being of the cancerous state;
• and
• determining the reference IPS equal to a value between a minimum IPS value among IPS values of the benign IPS range and a maximum IPS value among IPS values of both the precancerous IPS range and the cancerous IPS range.

12- The method of claim 9, further comprising preparing the electrical probe, comprising:

• coating a second electrically insulating layer on the second electrically conductive needle except a distal end portion of the second electrically conductive needle;
• placing the second electrically conductive needle inside the first electrically conductive needle;
• covering an outer surface of the first electrically conductive needle with a first electrically insulating layer except a distal end portion of the first electrically conductive needle;
• and
• attaching two electrical connectors to the first electrically conductive needle and the second electrically conductive needle, comprising:
• attaching a first electrical connector onto a surface of the first electrically conductive needle adjacent to a proximal end of the first electrically conductive needle;
• and
• attaching a second electrical connector onto a proximal end of the second electrically conductive needle.

13- A system for real-time and in-vivo detecting cancerous status of a suspected mass to be cancerous/precancerous in a living body, comprising:

• an electrical probe comprising:
• a first electrode comprising a first electrically conductive needle, the first electrode comprising a first distal end portion and a first proximal end portion;
• a first electrically insulating layer placed around the first electrode except the first distal end portion;
• a second electrode comprising a second electrically conductive needle, the second electrode placed inside the first electrode, the second electrode movable in longitudinal direction along the first electrode, the second electrode comprising a second distal end portion and a second proximal end portion, the second distal end portion configured to be placed outside of the first electrode;
• and
• a second electrically insulating layer placed between the first electrode and the second electrode,
• wherein the first distal end portion and the second distal end portion are configured to be put in contact with the suspected mass;
• an impedance analyzer device configured to be connected to the electrical probe;
• and
• a processing unit electrically connected to the impedance analyzer device, the processing unit comprising:
• a memory having processor-readable instructions stored therein;
• and
• a processor configured to access the memory and execute the processor-readable instructions, which, when executed by the processor configures the processor to perform a method, the method comprising:
• applying, utilizing the impedance analyzer device, an alternating current (AC) voltage in a sweeping range of frequencies to the first electrode and the second of the electrical probe;
• measuring, utilizing the impedance analyzer device, an electrical impedance magnitude of the suspected mass at a frequency of 1 kHz (Z1 kHz);
• plotting, utilizing the impedance analyzer device, an impedance phase diagram by measuring a set of electrical impedance phase values from the suspected mass respective to the swept range of frequencies;
• calculating an impedance phase slope (IPS) of the plotted impedance phase diagram in a frequency range between 100 kHz and 500 kHz responsive to the measured Z1 kHz being less than a reference impedance value;
• and
• detecting cancerous status of the suspected mass based on the calculated IPS.

14- The system of claim 13, wherein calculating the IPS of the plotted impedance phase diagram in the frequency range between 100 kHz and 500 kHz comprises calculating the IPS from a relation defined by:

• IPS
• =
• Phase
• 2
• -
• Phase
• 1
• log
• ⁢
• ⁢
• (
• Frequency
• 2
• )
• -
• log
• ⁢
• ⁢
• (
• Frequency
• 1
• )
• ,
• Wherein Phase1 is a first measured impedance phase value at a first frequency value (Frequency1) of 100 kHz and Phase2 is a second measured impedance phase value at a second frequency value (Frequency2) of 500 kHz.

16- The system of claim 15, wherein the method further comprises generating a calibration dataset, comprising:

• generating the reference impedance value, comprising:
• measuring a set of Z1 kHz values from a plurality of masses associated with a respective plurality of persons;
• and
• determining the reference impedance value equal to a maximum value of the set of Z1 kHz values;
• and
• generating the reference IPS, comprising:
• calculating, utilizing one or more processors, a set of IPS values from the plurality of masses;
• determining cancerous status of each mass of the plurality of masses by applying a pathological assay to each mass, the determined cancerous status comprising one of a benign state, a cancerous state, and a precancerous state, based on result of the applied pathological assay;
• assigning the determined status of each mass to the respective calculated IPS value;
• classifying the set of IPS values into three IPS ranges based on the determined cancerous status of each mass of the plurality of masses, the three IPS ranges comprising:
• a benign IPS range comprising a first range of IPS values assigned as being of the benign state;
• a precancerous IPS range comprising a second range of IPS values assigned as being of the precancerous state;
• and
• a cancerous IPS range comprising a third range of IPS values assigned as being of the cancerous state;
• and
• determining the reference IPS equal to a value between a minimum IPS value among IPS values of the benign IPS range and a maximum IPS value among IPS values of both the precancerous IPS range and the cancerous IPS range.

17- The system of claim 16, wherein:

• the suspected mass comprises a suspected mass to be cancerous or precancerous located in a breast tissue, and
• detecting the cancerous status of the suspected mass comprises:
• detecting the suspected mass being a cancerous breast lesion responsive to the calculated IPS being less than an IPS value of −2;
• or
• detecting the suspected mass being a precancerous breast lesion responsive to the calculated IPS being in a range of IPS value between −2 and 0.