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AssigneesJoint-Stock Company “Atomenergoproekt”, Joint Stock Company “Science and Innovations”
InventorsAleksandr Stalevich SIDOROV, Nadezhda Vasilevna SIDOROVA
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The invention relates to safe operation support systems of nuclear power plants (NPPs) at severe accidents, including methods and systems for cooling and cooling control of the reactors molten core. The invention increases safety of NPP and cooling efficiency of the molten core of a reactor. The invention increases the efficiency of cooling the molten core of a reactor by safely removing the heat load from the molten metal mirror, ensuring the elimination of vapor explosions. The invention changes the principle of cooling the reactor molten core, in that after the molten core destroys the reactor vessel, the conditions for subsequent cooling of the molten metal are determined by the characteristics of the trap casing, but not of the reactor.
A method of cooling the molten core of a reactor, which consists in determining, after destruction of the reactor vessel by molten core, the location of the molten core debris and determining the state of core penetration by the information received from temperature sensors, cooling liquid volume supply to molten metal and adjustment, wherein after destruction of the reactor vessel by the molten core, the degree of destruction of the reactor vessel and the start time of the molten metal flowing out of the reactor vessel into the trap is determined, then coolant is supplied into the trap casing with a predetermined time delay, from the inspection chambers of the internal shells and the protective tubes unit of the reactor, after which the conditions for the formation of a sludge cap above the surface of the molten metal mirror are determined, the start time for the formation of a crust on the surface of the molten metal is determined, the completion time of aerosols release is determined, the completion time of vapour sorption and the time of hydrogen formation are determined, the stabilization time of the molten metal cooling processes and the time these processes exit into quasi-stationary mode are determined, then the volume of coolant supply is adjusted taking into account the thermal and physical parameters of the media in the sealed volume of containment, and then the volume of coolant supply is adjusted taking into account the minimum and maximum water levels in the reactor cavity.
A cooling control system for a reactor molten core containing temperature sensors connected to control equipment wherein also comprises level sensors mounted under the truss panel along the casing of the trap in the area of its external water cooling, while the temperature sensors are divided into the first, the second and third groups, the first group of temperature sensors is installed above the molten metal mirror inside the trap casing, and their working bodies are directed to the mirror, the second group of temperature sensors is installed between the trap casing and the truss panel, the third group of temperature sensors is installed under the guide plate, all temperature sensors and level sensors are combined in two channels, and sealed limit switches are installed on the working bodies of each temperature sensor, covered with protective non tight caps.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.