# US 2021/0345166 A1 · Information-centric networking over 5g or later networks

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- Number: US 2021/0345166 A1
- Document ID: US20210345166A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/268,438
- Filed: 2019-08-23
- Published: 2021-11-04
- Earliest claimed: 2018-08-24
- Assignees: Koninklijke KPN N.V.; Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuuwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
- Applicants: Koninklijke KPN N.V.; Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuuwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
- Inventors: Toni Dimitrovski; Pieter Nooren; Lucia D'Acunto; Bastiaan Wissingh
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210345166A1

## CPC

- H04L 67/61: taking into account QoS or priority requirements
- H04L 47/11: Identifying congestion
- H04L 67/63: Routing a service request depending on the request content or context
- H04W 28/0268: {using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR] (negotiating SLA or negotiating QoS H04W28/24)}
- H04W 28/0284: {detecting congestion or overload during communication (monitoring arrangements H04L43/00)}
- H04W 28/24: Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W 28/0289: {Congestion control (load shedding arrangements in network planning H04W16/08; performing reselection for handling the traffic H04W36/22; wireless traffic scheduling H04W72/12)}
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

In a communication network, a network function may be provided for controlling Information Centric Networking (ICN) protocol-based traffic flow between a set of user equipment (UE). This network function may be an ICN application function (ICN-AF), and may obtain ICN layer information from an ICN router which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment. If the congestion state indicates congestion, the ICN-AF may initiate establishment of a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or initiate upgrade of a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session, for example using the session management function (SMF) and via the SMF's session management of PDU sessions.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for use with a communication network, wherein the communication network comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include
the information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the communication network further comprises an ICN router for obtaining ICN layer information which at least in part characterizes the flow of the ICN protocol-based traffic which is transported via one or more PDU sessions;
wherein the ICN application function (ICN-AF) is configured to:
receive ICN layer information from the ICN router which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1); and
based on the ICN layer information indicating congestion, initiate establishment of a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or initiate upgrade of a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) according to claim 1, wherein the control plane functions further comprise a session management function (SMF) for session management of protocol data unit (PDU) sessions involving the user equipment, and wherein the ICN application function (ICN-AF) is configured to initiate the establishment of the new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or initiate the upgrade of the quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session via the session management function (SMF).

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) according to claim 2, further configured to:
based on the ICN layer information indicating congestion,
request the session management function (SMF) to establish the new PDU session or to upgrade the quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session; or
trigger the user equipment (UE1) to establish the new PDU session.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) according to claim 2, wherein the ICN layer information is indicative of a throughput of ICN packets of the ICN protocol-based traffic in the current PDU session, and wherein the ICN application function (ICN-AF) is further configured to:
obtain capacity information from the session management function (SMF) which is indicative of a capacity of the current PDU session; and
determine the congestion state of the current PDU session by comparing the capacity of the current PDU session to the throughput of ICN packets.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) according to claim 1, wherein the control plane functions further comprise a policy control function (PCF) for policy control of quality of service in the communication network, and wherein the ICN application function (ICN-AF) is further configured to:
obtain policy data indicative of a quality of service (QoS) policy for the current PDU session from the policy control function (PCF); and
decide between establishing the new PDU session or upgrading the quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session based on the quality of service (QoS) policy.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) according to claim 2, further configured to:
forward the ICN layer information which is received from the ICN router and which is indicative of the congestion state of the current PDU session to the session management function (SMF) to enable the session management function (SMF) to establish the new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or to upgrade the quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 7

A network node or a distributed system of network nodes configured as an information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for use with a communication network, wherein the communication network comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include the information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the communication network further comprises an ICN router for obtaining ICN layer information which at least in part characterizes the flow of the ICN protocol-based traffic which is transported via one or more PDU sessions;
wherein the network node or the distributed system of network nodes comprises:
a network interface to the communication network for receiving ICN layer information from the ICN router which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
a processor system configured to, based on the ICN layer information indicating congestion, initiate establishment of a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or initiate upgrade of a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 8

An information-centric networking (ICN) router for use with a communication network, wherein the communication network comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include an ICN application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the ICN router is configured to:
provide ICN layer information to the ICN application function (ICN-AF) which at least in part characterizes the flow of the ICN protocol-based traffic via one or more PDU sessions, wherein the ICN layer information is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1).

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The information-centric networking (ICN) router according to claim 8, wherein the ICN router is implemented as part of a user plane function (UPF) via which the current PDU session of the user equipment (UE1) is routed, and wherein the ICN layer information is obtained from and/or by the user plane function (UPF).

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The information-centric networking (ICN) router according to claim 9, further configured to:
monitor a pending interest table (PIT) of the user plane function (UPF);
determine the congestion state of the current PDU session of the user equipment (UE1) based on a characterization of when one or more entries in the pending interest table (PIT) are satisfied.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The information-centric networking (ICN) router according to claim 9, further configured to obtain information which is indicative of a throughput of ICN packets of the ICN protocol-based traffic in the current PDU session, and to:
provide said throughput information as or as part of the ICN layer information to the ICN application function (ICN-AF); or
determine the congestion state of the current PDU session by comparing a capacity of the current PDU session to the throughput of ICN packets, and to generate the ICN layer information to represent the congestion state.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The information-centric networking (ICN) router according to claim 8, wherein the ICN router is implemented by a user equipment representing an ICN node connecting a plurality of ICN nodes to the communication network.

### Claim 13

A network node or a distributed system of network nodes configured as information-centric networking (ICN) router for use with a communication network, wherein the communication network comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include an ICN application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the network node or the distributed system of network nodes comprises:
a network interface to the communication network;
a processor system configured to, via the network interface, provide ICN layer information to the ICN application function (ICN-AF) which at least in part characterizes the flow of the ICN protocol-based traffic via one or more PDU sessions, wherein the ICN layer information is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1).

### Claim 14

A session management function (SMF) for session management of protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in a communication network, wherein the communication network comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include:
the session management function (SMF) for the session management of protocol data unit (PDU) sessions involving the user equipment, and
an information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via the protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the session management function (SMF) is configured to:
receive ICN layer information from the ICN application function (ICN-AF) which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
analyze PDU session layer information of the current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
and based the ICN layer information and the PDU session layer information both indicating congestion,
decide between establishing a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or upgrading a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 15

A network node or a distributed system of network nodes configured as session management function (SMF) for session management of protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in a communication network, wherein the communication network comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include:
the session management function (SMF) for the session management of protocol data unit (PDU) sessions involving the user equipment, and
an information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via the protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the network node or the distributed system of network nodes comprises:
a network interface to the communication network;
a processor system configured to:
via the network interface, receive ICN layer information from the ICN application function (ICN-AF) which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
analyze PDU session layer information of the current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
and based the ICN layer information and the PDU session layer information both indicating congestion,
decide between establishing a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or upgrading a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 16

A communication network comprising a plurality of network nodes, wherein the communication network is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include an information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE), wherein the ICN protocol-based traffic is at least in part transported via protocol data unit (PDU) sessions in the communication network;
wherein the communication network further comprises:
an ICN router configured to obtain ICN layer information which at least in part characterizes the flow of the ICN protocol-based traffic which is transported via one or more PDU sessions; and
the ICN application function (ICN-AF), configured to:
receive ICN layer information from the ICN router which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1); and
based on the ICN layer information indicating congestion, initiate establishment of a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or initiate upgrade a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 17

A method for use with a communication network which comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane;
wherein the communication network further comprises an ICN router configured to obtain ICN layer information which at least in part characterizes a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic which is transported via one or more PDU sessions;
the method comprising:
receiving ICN layer information from the ICN router which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1); and
based on the ICN layer information indicating congestion, initiating establishment of a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or initiating upgrade of a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 18

A method for use with a communication network which comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include an information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE);
the method comprising:
providing ICN layer information to the ICN application function (ICN-AF) which at least in part characterizes the flow of the ICN protocol-based traffic which is transported via one or more PDU sessions, wherein the ICN layer information is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1).

### Claim 19

A method for use with a communication network which comprises a plurality of network nodes and is configured to provide:
a control plane to enable transmission of control data in the communication network;
a user plane to enable transmission of data to or from user equipment which is connected to the communication network; and
a set of network functions which comprise control plane functions operating in the control plane, wherein the control plane functions include an information-centric networking application function (ICN-AF) for controlling a flow of ICN protocol-based traffic between a set of user equipment (UE);
the method comprising:
receiving ICN layer information from the ICN application function (ICN-AF) which is indicative of a congestion state of a current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
analyzing PDU session layer information of the current PDU session of user equipment (UE1);
and based the ICN layer information and the PDU session layer information both indicating congestion,
deciding between establishing a new PDU session for the user equipment (UE1) or upgrading a quality of service (QoS) characteristic of the current PDU session.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions for causing a processor system to perform the method according to claim 17.