# US 2021/0340452 A1 · Bioderived fuels and methods of making the same

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- Number: US 2021/0340452 A1
- Document ID: US20210340452A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/379,477
- Filed: 2021-07-19
- Published: 2021-11-04
- Earliest claimed: 2019-05-14
- Assignees: Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC
- Applicants: Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC
- Inventors: Glenn Richard HAFENSTINE; Derek Richard VARDON; Xiangchen HUO; Nabila Asem HUQ
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210340452A1

## CPC

- C10L 1/026: {for compression ignition}
- B01J 23/42: Platinum
- B01J 27/14: Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J 27/188: with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J 35/393: {Metal or metal oxide crystallite size}
- B01J 35/394: {Metal dispersion value, e.g. percentage or fraction}
- B01J 35/45: Nanoparticles
- B01J 35/77: Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
- C07C 41/09: by dehydration of compounds containing hydroxy groups
- C10L 1/02: essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L 1/023: {for spark ignition}
- B01J 23/44: Palladium
- B01J 27/1802: {Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates}
- B01J 27/195: with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J 35/613: {10-100 m2/g}
- B01J 35/615: {100-500 m2/g}
- B01J 35/633: {less than 0.5 ml/g}
- B01J 35/635: {0.5-1.0 ml/g}
- B01J 2235/00: Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
- B01J 2235/10: Infrared [IR]
- B01J 2235/15: X-ray diffraction
- B01J 2235/30: Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy
- C10L 2200/0423: Gasoline
- C10L 2200/0446: Diesel
- C10L 2270/023: for gasoline engines
- C10L 2270/026: for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
- Y02P 20/582: Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials
- C10L: FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- B01J: CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- C07C: ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes a first oxide having a phosphate, a ratio of Brønsted acid sites to Lewis acid sites between 0.05 and 1.00, and a total acidity between 50 μmol/g and 300 μmol/g, where the phosphate is at least one of a functional group covalently bonded to the first oxide and/or an anion ionically bonded to the first oxide.

## Claims

### Claim at position 1

1-24. (canceled)

### Claim 25

A composition comprising:
a first mixture comprising 4-butoxyheptane; and
a cetane number (CN) value greater than 39.

### Claim 26 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, wherein the first mixture further comprises at least one of 4-heptanone, 4-heptanol, n-butanol, heptane, or n-butyl ether.

### Claim 27 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, wherein the first mixture further comprises at least one of 1-isopropoxybutane, 4-hexoxyheptane, 6-ethoxyundecane, 4-octoxyheptane, 4-ethoxyheptane, dibutyl ether, or ethyl tetrahydrofurfuryl ether.

### Claim 28 (depends on 27)

The composition of claim 27, wherein the first mixture further comprises at least one of ethanol, furfuryl alcohol, or butanone.

### Claim 29 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, further comprising a second mixture comprising at least one of a diesel fuel or a gasoline fuel.

### Claim 30 (depends on 29)

The composition of claim 29, wherein the first mixture is present at a concentration between about 10 vol % and about 100 vol %.

### Claim 31 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, further comprising an LHV value greater than 25 MJ/kg.

### Claim 32 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, further comprising an LHV value greater than 36 MJ/kg.

### Claim 33 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, further comprising a water solubility less than 2 g/L.

### Claim 34 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, wherein the first mixture is bioderived.

### Claim 35 (depends on 25)

The composition of claim 25, wherein the composition is a liquid.

### Claim 36 (depends on 35)

The composition of claim 35, wherein the composition performs suitably as a diesel fuel or a gasoline.