# US 2021/0330449 A1 · Data-Compressive Sensor Array

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 2021/0330449 A1
- Document ID: US20210330449A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/284,403
- Filed: 2019-10-21
- Published: 2021-10-28
- Earliest claimed: 2018-10-20
- Assignees: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
- Applicants: The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
- Inventors: Boris Murmann; Dante Gabriel Muratore; Eduardo Jose Chichilnisky; Pulkit Tandon
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210330449A1

## CPC

- A61F 2/141: {Artificial eyes}
- G06F 3/015: {Input arrangements based on nervous system activity detection, e.g. brain waves [EEG] detection, electromyograms [EMG] detection, electrodermal response detection}
- A61N 1/0543: {Retinal electrodes}
- G06F 3/01: Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer (G06F3/16 takes precedence)
- A61F 2250/0002: for data transfer
- A61F: FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS (dental prosthetics A61C)
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B)

## Abstract

Systems and methods for data-compressive sensing in accordance with embodiments of the invention are illustrated. In one embodiment, a sensor array includes an array of sensor circuitries including a sensor and a comparator. Sensor circuitries in the array are connected via wires which form a series of wired-OR circuits. Readouts can be used to measure the signal on the wires and a decoder in communication with the readouts can be used to resolve signals sensed by particular sensors in the array and their locations.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A data-compressive sensor array, comprising:
a ramp signal generator configured to distribute a global ramp signal;
an array of sensor circuitries, where the sensor circuitries in the array are arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and where each sensor circuitry comprises:
a sensor; and
a comparator configured to compare the global ramp signal to a signal produced by the sensor;
where the comparator for each sensor circuitry in a given row in the plurality of rows is connected via a given row wire;
where the comparator for each sensor circuitry in a given column in the plurality of columns is connected via a given column wire; and
where each row wire and each column wire form a wired-OR circuit;
a row readout configured to sense the signal on each row wire;
a column readout configured to sense the signal on each column wire; and
a decoder connected to the row readout and the column readout configured to provide signal data describing signals produced by the sensors using a pulse-position modulation scheme.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 1, further comprising a Gray counter in communication with the decoder.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 1, wherein the decoder is configured to disregard signals from the column readout and signals from the row readout that describe collision events.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 3, wherein the decoder is configured to estimate signals sensed by sensors in the array which are involved in a collision event by using a baseline value.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 4, wherein the baseline value is estimated using a 3-tap non-causal finite impulse response filter.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 1, where the data-compressive sensor array is part of a brain-computer interface.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 6, wherein the brain-computer interface is an artificial sight prosthetic.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 7, wherein the artificial sight prosthetic is a dictionary-based artificial sight prosthetic.

### Claim 9 (depends on 7)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 7, wherein the data-compressive sensor array is implanted proximal to the retinal ganglion cell layer of an eye.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 9, wherein the signal data provided by the decoder is used to estimate a receptive field mosaic.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 10, wherein the receptive field mosaic is estimated by:
performing spike sorting on the signal data provided by the decoder; and
classifying retinal ganglion cells in the retinal ganglion cell layer based on the spike sorting.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 7, wherein the sensors are electrodes; and
the electrodes are directed to stimulate cells in order to trigger the impression of sight.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 1, further comprising a transmitter capable of transmitting signal data provided by the decoder.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 13, wherein the transmitter is a wireless transmitter.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 1, further comprising a receiver capable of receiving control data.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The data-compressive sensor array of claim 15, wherein the receiver is a wireless receiver.

### Claim 17

A method for data-compressive sensing, comprising:
connecting a plurality of sensor circuitries in an array having a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, where each sensor circuitry comprises:
a sensor; and
a comparator configured to compare a global ramp signal to a signal produced by the sensor;
where the comparator for each sensor circuitry in a given row in the plurality of rows is connected via a given row wire;
where the comparator for each sensor circuitry in a given column in the plurality of column is connected via a given column wire; and
where each row wire and each column wire form a wired-OR circuit;
sensing the state of each row wire using a row readout;
sensing the state of each column wire using a column readout; and
decoding the states received from the row readout and the column readout to provide signal data describing the signals produced by the sensors using a decoder implementing a pulse-position modulation scheme.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The method for data-compressive sensing of claim 17, wherein the plurality of sensor circuitries are implanted into the retinal ganglion cell layer of an eye.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The method for data-compressive sensing of claim 18, wherein the method is performed by an artificial sight prosthetic.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The method for data-compressive sensing of claim 18, further comprising estimating a receptive field mosaic based on the signal data.