# US 2021/0280848 A1 · Positive electrode material, electrochemical device containing same, and electronic device

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- Number: US 2021/0280848 A1
- Document ID: US20210280848A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/187,629
- Filed: 2021-02-26
- Published: 2021-09-09
- Earliest claimed: 2020-03-05
- Assignees: Ningde Amperex Technology Limited
- Applicants: Ningde Amperex Technology Limited
- Inventors: Wenyuan LIU; Gang PENG; Ye LANG
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210280848A1

## CPC

- H01M 4/0471: {involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis}
- H01M 4/366: {as layered products}
- H01M 4/505: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
- H01M 4/525: of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
- H01M 4/62: Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M 10/0525: Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
- H01M 10/4235: {Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte (H01M10/4242 takes precedence)}
- H01M 2004/021: {Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area}
- H01M 2004/028: {Positive electrodes}
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A positive electrode material includes secondary particles formed from primary particles. The positive electrode material satisfies the following relational expression: 15%≤(Dv50a−Dv50b)/Dv50b≤80%, where Dv50a represents Dv50 directly measured by a laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv50b represents Dv50 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, and Dv50 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 50% in a volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes. The secondary particles of the positive electrode material that meets the foregoing condition can form soft agglomerates, so that the electrochemical device is of high cycle performance and high safety performance.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A positive electrode material, comprising:
secondary particles, wherein the secondary particles comprise primary particles; and
the positive electrode material satisfies the following relational expression:
15%≤(Dv50a−Dv50b)/Dv50b≤80%;
wherein, Dv50a represents Dv50 directly measured by a laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv50b represents Dv50 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, and Dv50 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 50% in a volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode material has at least one of the following characteristics:
(a) 15%≤(Dv10a−Dv10b)/Dv10b≤80%;
(b) 15%≤(Dv90a−Dv90b)/Dv90b≤80%; and
(c) 10%≤(Dv99a−Dv99b)/Dv99b≤500%;
wherein, Dv10a represents Dv10 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv10b represents Dv10 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv90a represents Dv90 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv90b represents Dv90 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv99a represents Dv99 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv99b represents Dv99 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv10 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 10% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes, Dv90 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 90% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes, and Dv99 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 99% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The positive electrode material according to claim 2, wherein 1.0≤(Dv90b−Dv10b)/Dv50b≤2.5.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein a frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 40 KHz, a power of the ultrasonic treatment is 180 w, and a time of the ultrasonic treatment is 5 minutes.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein Dv50b of the positive electrode material is 2 μm to 8 μm.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein an average particle size of the primary particles is 0.5 μm to 3 μm.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode material comprises at least one of compounds represented by a chemical formula LixNiyM1zM2uO2, wherein 0.95≤x≤1.05, 0.33<y<1, 0<z≤0.6, 0≤u≤0.2, y+z+u=1, M1 is selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Al, and any combination thereof, and M2 is selected from the group consisting of Sc, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Mg, Ti, and any combination thereof.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The positive electrode material according to claim 1, wherein the secondary particles further comprise a material layer, the material layer is disposed on at least a part of a surface of the secondary particles, and the material layer comprises at least one of elements B, P, Al, Zr, C, or S.

### Claim 9

An electrochemical device, comprising:
a negative electrode;
a separator; and
a positive electrode, comprising a positive electrode material,
wherein the positive electrode material comprises secondary particles, the secondary particles comprise primary particles; and
the positive electrode material satisfies the following relational expression:
15%≤(Dv50a−Dv50b)/Dv50b≤80%;
wherein, Dv50a represents Dv50 directly measured by a laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv50b represents Dv50 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, and Dv50 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 50% in a volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein the positive electrode material has at least one of the following characteristics:
(a) 15%≤(Dv10a−Dv10b)/Dv10b≤80%;
(b) 15%≤(Dv90a−Dv90b)/Dv90b≤80%; and
(c) 10%≤(Dv99a−Dv99b)/Dv99b≤500%;
wherein, Dv10a represents Dv10 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv10b represents Dv10 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv90a represents Dv90 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv90b represents Dv90 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv99a represents Dv99 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv99b represents Dv99 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv10 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 10% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes, Dv90 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 90% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes, and Dv99 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 99% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein 1.0≤(Dv90b−Dv10b)/Dv50b≤2.5.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein a frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 40 KHz, a power of the ultrasonic treatment is 180 w, and a time of the ultrasonic treatment is 5 minutes.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein Dv50b of the positive electrode material is 2 μm to 8 μm.

### Claim 14 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein an average particle size of the primary particles is 0.5 μm to 3 μm.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein the positive electrode material comprises at least one of compounds represented by a chemical formula LixNiyM1zM2uO2, wherein 0.95≤x≤1.05, 0.33<y<1, 0<z≤0.6, 0≤u≤0.2, y+z+u=1, M1 is selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Al, and any combination thereof, and M2 is selected from the group consisting of Sc, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Mg, Ti, and any combination thereof.

### Claim 16 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein the secondary particles further comprise a material layer, the material layer is disposed on at least a part of a surface of the secondary particles, and the material layer comprises at least one of elements B, P, Al, Zr, C, or S.

### Claim 17 (depends on 9)

The electrochemical device according to claim 9, wherein a compacted density of the positive electrode is 4.05 g/cm3 to 4.3 g/cm3.

### Claim 18

An electronic device, comprising an electrochemical device, the electrochemical device comprising:
a negative electrode;
a separator; and
a positive electrode, comprising a positive electrode material,
wherein the positive electrode material comprises secondary particles, the secondary particles comprise primary particles; and
the positive electrode material satisfies the following relational expression:
15%≤(Dv50a−Dv50b)/Dv50b≤80%
wherein, Dv50a represents Dv50 directly measured by a laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv50b represents Dv50 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, and Dv50 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 50% in a volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes.

### Claim 19 (depends on 18)

The electronic device according to claim 18, wherein the positive electrode material has at least one of the following characteristics:
(a) 15%≤(Dv10a−Dv10b)/Dv10b≤80%;
(b) 15%≤(Dv90a−Dv90b)/Dv90b≤80%; and
(c) 10%≤(Dv99a−Dv99b)/Dv99b≤500%;
wherein, Dv10a represents Dv10 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv10b represents Dv10 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv90a represents Dv90 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv90b represents Dv90 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv99a represents Dv99 directly measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material without ultrasonic treatment, Dv99b represents Dv99 measured by the laser particle size analyzer for the positive electrode material after ultrasonic treatment, Dv10 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 10% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes, Dv90 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 90% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes, and Dv99 represents a particle size of the positive electrode material at a cumulative volume of 99% in the volume-based particle size distribution as measured by starting from small particle sizes.

### Claim 20 (depends on 18)

The electronic device according to claim 18, wherein 1.0≤(Dv90b−Dv10b)/Dv50b≤2.5.