# US 2021/0280273 A1 · System and method for algorithmic extracellular vesicle population discovery and characterization > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2021/0280273 A1 - Document ID: US20210280273A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/320,018 - Filed: 2021-05-13 - Published: 2021-09-09 - Earliest claimed: 2017-01-06 - Assignees: Mantra Bio, Inc. - Applicants: Mantra Bio, Inc. - Inventors: Catherine RoseMary Planey; Alexander Fen Mok - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210280273A1 ## CPC - G16B 40/10: Signal processing, e.g. from mass spectrometry [MS] or from PCR - G06N 5/04: Inference or reasoning models - G16B 40/00: ICT specially adapted for biostatistics; ICT specially adapted for bioinformatics-related machine learning or data mining, e.g. knowledge discovery or pattern finding - G16B 40/20: Supervised data analysis - G16H 20/10: relating to drugs or medications, e.g. for ensuring correct administration to patients - G16H 50/20: for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems - G16H 50/70: for mining of medical data, e.g. analysing previous cases of other patients - G16B 40/30: Unsupervised data analysis - G16B: BIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - G06N: COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS - G16H: HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA ## Abstract Methods and systems for extracellular vesicle characterization are provided herein. Embodiments of the methods include inputting measured physical, biological, or chemical aspects of extracted extracellular vesicles. Next, an information architecture that characterizes relationships between biological entities and diseases in humans or other vertebrates is generated. Then, relationships between the measured physical, biological, or chemical aspects of the isolated extracellular vesicles with the information architecture are automatically inferred, thereby characterizing extracellular vesicles. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of recommending treatment for diseases, the method comprising: inputting measured physical, biological, or chemical aspects of extracted extracellular vesicles; generating an information architecture that characterizes relationships between biological entities and diseases in humans or other vertebrates; automatically inferring relationships between the measured physical, biological, or chemical aspects of the extracted extracellular vesicles with the information architecture and thereby characterizing the extracellular vesicles; and providing recommendations for treatment of diseases based on the automatically inferred relationships. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the measured aspects of the extracellular vesicles comprise: vesicle size, vesicle density, vesicle lipid bilayer composition, extravesicular proteins or genetic material attached to the vesicles, extravesicular proteins or genetic material floating in surrounding biological sample, vesicle membrane proteins, intravesicular proteins, intravesicular genetic material, biochemical alterations of extravesicular or intravesicular genetic material, or any combinations thereof. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information architecture stores relationships and attributes of biological entities or diseases as a relational database, a non-relational database, a graph database, lists of attributes in flat files, or any combination of such databases. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the relationships between biological entities, diseases, or attributes of the entities or diseases stored in the information architecture contain different values for different states. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the measured aspects of the extracellular vesicles are interpreted to have potential relationships amongst themselves. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein relationships between measurement aspects of the extracellular vesicles are represented via a binary decision, thresholding, covariance, variance, distance metrics, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising comparing the relationships between measurement aspects of the extracellular vesicles, values of the measured aspects between extracellular vesicles, one or more lists of key measured aspects in extracellular vesicles, or any combinations thereof, with the relationships or attributes of biological entities or diseases stored in the information architecture. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising providing recommendations for diagnosis of diseases, potential biochemical compounds that may act as pharmaceutical agents, potential EV subpopulations to be used as targeted EV delivery vehicles, or any other clinical conditions for human or vertebrate healthcare. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein providing recommendations includes quantifying a similarity measurement and determining whether the similarity measurement exceeds a predetermined threshold. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein additional information linked to the origin of the biological sample, such as medical history, additional measurements from the biological sample, disease status or therapies administered, is incorporated to improve the accuracy of the recommendations. ### Claim 11 A system for recommending treatment for diseases, the system comprising: a processor device that: receives an input comprising measured physical, biological, or chemical aspects of extracellular vesicles extracted from a biological sample; generates an information architecture that characterizes relationships between biological entities and diseases in humans or other vertebrates; automatically infers relationships between the measured physical, biological, or chemical aspects of the extracted extracellular vesicles with the information architecture; and provides recommendations for treatment of diseases based on the automatically inferred relationships. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the measured aspects of the extracellular vesicles comprise: vesicle size, vesicle density, vesicle lipid bilayer composition, extravesicular proteins or genetic material attached to the vesicles, extravesicular proteins or genetic material floating in surrounding biological sample, vesicle membrane proteins, intravesicular proteins, intravesicular genetic material, and biochemical alterations of any extravesicular or intravesicular genetic material, or any combinations thereof. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the information architecture stores relationships and attributes of biological entities or diseases as a relational database, a non-relational database, a graph database, lists of attributes in flat files, or any combination of such databases. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the relationships between biological entities, diseases, or attributes of the entities or diseases stored in the information architecture contain different values for different states. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the measured aspects of the extracellular vesicles are interpreted to have potential relationships amongst themselves. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein relationships between measurement aspects of the extracellular vesicles are represented via a binary decision, thresholding, covariance, variance, distance metrics, or any combination thereof. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, further comprising comparing the relationships between measurement aspects of the extracellular vesicles, values of the measured aspects between extracellular vesicles, one or more lists of key measured aspects in extracellular vesicles, or any combinations thereof, with the relationships or attributes of biological entities or diseases stored in the information architecture. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, further comprising providing recommendations for diagnosis of diseases, potential biochemical compounds that may act as pharmaceutical agents, potential EV subpopulations to be used as targeted EV delivery vehicles, or any other clinical conditions for human or vertebrate healthcare. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein providing recommendations includes quantifying a similarity measurement and determining whether the similarity measurement exceeds a predetermined threshold. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein additional information linked to the origin of the biological sample, such as medical history, additional measurements from the biological sample, disease status or therapies administered, is incorporated to improve the accuracy of the recommendations.