# US 2021/0278520 A1 · Using High-Efficiency PHY Frames for Motion Detection > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2021/0278520 A1 - Document ID: US20210278520A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/181,077 - Filed: 2021-02-22 - Published: 2021-09-09 - Earliest claimed: 2020-03-03 - Assignees: Cognitive Systems Corp. - Applicants: Cognitive Systems Corp. - Inventors: Christopher Beg - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210278520A1 ## CPC - G01S 13/56: for presence detection {(presence detection using near field arrangements G01V3/00, e.g. G01V3/08, G01V3/12; burglar, theft or intruder alarms with electrical actuation G08B13/22 - G08B13/26)} - G01S 13/003: {Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems} - H04W 64/006: {with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination} - H04W 72/20: Control channels or signalling for resource management - H04L 5/0007: {the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT} - H04L 2101/622: Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses - G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract In a general aspect, motion is detected in an environment using wireless signals. In one example, a downlink high-efficiency PHY (HE-PHY) frame is received. The downlink HE-PHY frame is transmitted by an access point device to wireless communication devices residing inside an environment. An uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (UL-OFDMA) transmission is subsequently received in response to the downlink HE-PHY frame. The UL-OFDMA transmission is transmitted by the wireless communication devices to the access point device. The UL-OFDMA transmission includes uplink HE-PHY frames simultaneously transmitted on respective resource units by the respective wireless communication devices. A motion data set is generated based on channel responses computed from the uplink HE-PHY frames. Each channel response is computed from a respective one of the uplink HE-PHY frames. Motion within the environment is analyzed based on the motion data set. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A motion detection method, comprising: receiving a downlink high-efficiency PHY (HE-PHY) frame transmitted by an access point device to wireless communication devices residing inside an environment, the downlink HE-PHY frame being addressed to the wireless communication devices; receiving an uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (UL-OFDMA) transmission transmitted by the wireless communication devices to the access point device in response to the downlink HE-PHY frame, the UL-OFDMA transmission comprising uplink HE-PHY frames simultaneously transmitted on respective resource units by the respective wireless communication devices; generating a motion data set comprising a set of motion scores and identifiers of the wireless communication devices based on channel responses computed from the uplink HE-PHY frames, each channel response computed from a respective one of the uplink HE-PHY frames; and analyzing motion within the environment based on the motion data set. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the downlink HE-PHY frame has a first format, and the uplink HE-PHY frames have a second, different format. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the first format is a high-efficiency single-user physical layer protocol data unit (HE SU PPDU) format, and the second format is a high-efficiency trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit (HE TB PPDU) format. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, comprising: determining parameters for an uplink transmission based on the downlink HE-PHY frame; and after applying the parameters to an interface, receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission by operation of the interface. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the downlink HE-PHY frame includes a trigger frame encoded in a data payload of the downlink HE-PHY frame, and determining the parameters comprises determining the parameters based on the trigger frame encoded in the data payload of the downlink HE-PHY frame. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the parameters comprise at least one of a total bandwidth of the UL-OFDMA transmission, a HE-LTF type and guard interval duration of the UL-OFDMA transmission, information indicative of a midamble in the UL-OFDMA transmission, a resource unit allocation for the wireless communication devices, the identifiers of the wireless communication devices, or a target received signal strength indicator for the UL-OFDMA transmission. ### Claim 7 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein: the interface resides outside the environment; receiving the downlink HE-PHY frame comprises receiving the downlink HE-PHY frame by operation of the interface residing outside the environment; and receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission comprises receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission by operation of the interface residing outside the environment. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the identifiers of the wireless communication devices comprise MAC addresses of the wireless communication devices. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, comprising computing the channel responses from High-Efficiency Long Training Fields (HE-LTFs) in the uplink HE-PHY frames. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the channel responses correspond to respective motion detection zones in the environment, and analyzing motion within the environment based on the motion data set comprises analyzing motion in the motion detection zones based on the motion data set. ### Claim 11 A system, comprising: a first wireless communication device configured to receive a downlink high-efficiency PHY (HE-PHY) frame transmitted by an access point device to second wireless communication devices residing inside an environment, the downlink PHY frame being addressed to the second wireless communication devices; and one or more processors configured to perform operations comprising: receiving an uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (UL-OFDMA) transmission transmitted by the second wireless communication devices to the access point device in response to the downlink HE-PHY frame, the UL-OFDMA transmission comprising uplink HE-PHY frames simultaneously transmitted on respective resource units by the respective second wireless communication devices; generating a motion data set comprising a set of motion scores and identifiers of the wireless communication devices based on channel responses computed from the uplink HE-PHY frames, each channel response computed from a respective one of the uplink HE-PHY frames; and analyzing motion within the environment based on the motion data set. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the downlink HE-PHY frame has a first format, and the uplink HE-PHY frames have a second, different format. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The system of claim 12, wherein the first format is a high-efficiency single-user physical layer protocol data unit (HE SU PPDU) format, and the second format is a high-efficiency trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit (HE TB PPDU) format. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, the operations comprising: determining parameters for an uplink transmission based on the downlink HE-PHY frame; and after applying the parameters to an interface, receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission by operation of the interface. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the downlink HE-PHY frame includes a trigger frame encoded in a data payload of the downlink HE-PHY frame, and determining the parameters comprises determining the parameters based on the trigger frame encoded in the data payload of the downlink HE-PHY frame. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein the parameters comprise at least one of a total bandwidth of the UL-OFDMA transmission, a HE-LTF type and guard interval duration of the UL-OFDMA transmission, information indicative of a midamble in the UL-OFDMA transmission, a resource unit allocation for the wireless communication devices, the identifiers of the wireless communication devices, or a target received signal strength indicator for the UL-OFDMA transmission. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The system of claim 14, wherein: the interface resides outside the environment; receiving the downlink HE-PHY frame comprises receiving the downlink HE-PHY frame by operation of the interface residing outside the environment; and receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission comprises receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission by operation of the interface residing outside the environment. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the identifiers of the wireless communication devices comprise MAC addresses of the wireless communication devices. ### Claim 19 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, the operations comprising computing the channel responses from High-Efficiency Long Training Fields (HE-LTFs) in the uplink HE-PHY frames. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) The system of claim 11, wherein the channel responses correspond to respective motion detection zones in the environment, and analyzing motion within the environment based on the motion data set comprises analyzing motion in the motion detection zones based on the motion data set. ### Claim 21 A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by data processing apparatus, cause the data processing apparatus to perform the operations comprising: receiving a downlink high-efficiency PHY (HE-PHY) frame transmitted by an access point device to wireless communication devices residing inside an environment, the downlink HE-PHY frame being addressed to the wireless communication devices; receiving an uplink orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (UL-OFDMA) transmission transmitted by the wireless communication devices to the access point device in response to the downlink HE-PHY frame, the UL-OFDMA transmission comprising uplink HE-PHY frames simultaneously transmitted on respective resource units by the respective wireless communication devices; generating a motion data set comprising a set of motion scores and identifiers of the wireless communication devices based on channel responses computed from the uplink HE-PHY frames, each channel response computed from a respective one of the uplink HE-PHY frames; and analyzing motion within the environment based on the motion data set. ### Claim 22 (depends on 21) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the downlink HE-PHY frame has a first format, and the uplink HE-PHY frames have a second, different format. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 22, wherein the first format is a high-efficiency single-user physical layer protocol data unit (HE SU PPDU) format, and the second format is a high-efficiency trigger-based physical layer protocol data unit (HE TB PPDU) format. ### Claim 24 (depends on 21) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, the operations comprising: determining parameters for an uplink transmission based on the downlink HE-PHY frame; and after applying the parameters to an interface, receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission by operation of the interface. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 24, wherein the downlink HE-PHY frame includes a trigger frame encoded in a data payload of the downlink HE-PHY frame, and determining the parameters comprises determining the parameters based on the trigger frame encoded in the data payload of the downlink HE-PHY frame. ### Claim 26 (depends on 24) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 24, wherein the parameters comprise at least one of a total bandwidth of the UL-OFDMA transmission, a HE-LTF type and guard interval duration of the UL-OFDMA transmission, information indicative of a midamble in the UL-OFDMA transmission, a resource unit allocation for the wireless communication devices, the identifiers of the wireless communication devices, or a target received signal strength indicator for the UL-OFDMA transmission. ### Claim 27 (depends on 24) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 24, wherein: the interface resides outside the environment; receiving the downlink HE-PHY frame comprises receiving the downlink HE-PHY frame by operation of the interface residing outside the environment; and receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission comprises receiving the UL-OFDMA transmission by operation of the interface residing outside the environment. ### Claim 28 (depends on 21) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the identifiers of the wireless communication devices comprise MAC addresses of the wireless communication devices. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, the operations comprising computing the channel responses from High-Efficiency Long Training Fields (HE-LTFs) in the uplink HE-PHY frames. ### Claim 30 (depends on 21) The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 21, wherein the channel responses correspond to respective motion detection zones in the environment, and analyzing motion within the environment based on the motion data set comprises analyzing motion in the motion detection zones based on the motion data set.