# US 2021/0277300 A1 · Hydraulic fracking fluid for generating proppants in situ and fracking method with proppant generation in situ > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2021/0277300 A1 - Document ID: US20210277300A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/192,702 - Filed: 2021-03-04 - Published: 2021-09-09 - Earliest claimed: 2020-03-05 - Assignees: Ypf TecnologíA S.A. - Applicants: Ypf TecnologíA S.A. - Inventors: Gabriel LOMBARDO; María Laura VERA; Pablo Alejandro RAFFO; Simón MARCO; Marcos Eduardo COUSTET; Roque Carlos DIETRICH - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210277300A1 ## CPC - C09K 8/68: containing organic compounds - C09K 8/607: {specially adapted for clay formations} - C09K 8/665: {containing inorganic compounds (proppants C09K8/80)} - C09K 8/80: Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open - E21B 43/26: by forming crevices or fractures - E21B 43/267: reinforcing fractures by propping - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE - E21B: EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS ## Abstract A hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid, including: water; one or more soluble calcium salts; a carbonate ion generating compound; and one or more soluble zinc salts. A method for fracking an underground formation using the hydraulic fracking fluid. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid, comprising: water; one or more soluble calcium salts; a carbonate ion generating compound; and one or more soluble zinc salts. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the water is fresh water or salt water. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the water source is selected from rivers or other water streams and groundwater. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the water source is production water or flowback water from oil well exploitation. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the water also comprises monovalent cation salts. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to any claim 1, wherein the water comprises calcium salts. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the soluble calcium salt is selected from the group of calcium chloride, calcium bromide or calcium fluoride. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the soluble calcium salt is selected from the group of calcium chloride, calcium bromide or calcium fluoride. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 8 wherein the calcium salt is in a concentration between 0.4 and 2.4 M of equivalent calcium. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the soluble zinc salt is selected from the group of zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc hydroxide or zinc sulfide. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 10, wherein the soluble zinc salt is in a concentration between 0.1 and 0.4 M of equivalent zinc. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate ion generating compound is urea. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 1, wherein the carbonate ion generating compound is urea. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The hydraulic fracking aqueous fluid according to claim 13 wherein the urea is in a concentration between 0.4 and 2 M. ### Claim 15 A method of fracking a shale formation and propping up shale rock fractures comprising the steps of: a) mixing water with a soluble calcium salt; b) adding to the mixture obtained in a) a carbonate ion generating compound c) adding to the mixture obtained in b) a soluble zinc salt, obtaining thus a hydraulic aqueous fluid; d) injecting under pressure the hydraulic aqueous fluid obtained in c) into the shale rock formation in order to produce rock fractures; and e) letting the injected hydraulic aqueous fluid to warm under the temperature and pressure conditions within the formation in order to generate carbonate ions from the carbonate ion generating compound and produce a calcium/zinc carbonate precipitate that will prop up the rock fractures. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the water is fresh water or salt water. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the water source is selected from rivers or other water streams and groundwater. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the water source is production water or flowback from oil well exploitation. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein water also comprises monovalent cation salts. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the water comprises calcium salts. ### Claim 21 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the soluble calcium salt is selected from the group of calcium chloride, calcium bromide or calcium fluoride. ### Claim 22 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the soluble calcium salt is selected from the group of calcium chloride, calcium bromide or calcium fluoride. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The method according to claim 22, wherein the calcium salt is in a concentration between 0.4 and 2.4 M of equivalent calcium. ### Claim 24 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the soluble zinc salt is selected from the group of zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc hydroxide or zinc sulfide. ### Claim 25 (depends on 24) The method according to claim 24, wherein the soluble zinc salt is in a concentration between 0.1 and 0.4 M of equivalent zinc. ### Claim 26 (depends on 15) The method according to claim 15, wherein the carbonate ion generating compound is urea. ### Claim 27 (depends on 26) The method according to claim 26, wherein the carbonate ion generating compound is in a concentration between 0.4 and 2 M.