# US 2021/0276067 A1 · Integrated Shape/Property Control Method for Hot Power Spinning of a Cylindrical Part Based on Hot Processing Map > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2021/0276067 A1 - Document ID: US20210276067A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/498,449 - Filed: 2017-11-24 - Published: 2021-09-09 - Earliest claimed: 2017-03-28 - Assignees: South China University of Technology - Applicants: South China University of Technology - Inventors: Qinxiang Xia; Ningyuan Zhu; Xiuquan Cheng; Gangfeng Xiao - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210276067A1 ## CPC - B21D 22/16: over shaping mandrels or formers - B21D 37/16: Heating or cooling - G01N 3/08: by applying steady tensile or compressive forces (G01N3/28 takes precedence) - G01N 3/18: Performing tests at high or low temperatures - G05D 23/30: Automatic controllers with an auxiliary heating device affecting the sensing element, e.g. for anticipating change of temperature - G01N 2203/0071: Creep - G01N 2203/0075: Strain-stress relations or elastic constants - G01N 2203/0226: High temperature; Heating means - B21D: WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL (working or processing of wire B21F) - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - G05D: SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES ## Abstract Provided is an integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map. The method comprises: during the process of thermoplastic forming of a difficult-to-deform metal, performing a high-temperature mechanical property test on the metal material at a temperature and a strain rate range where dynamic recrystallization occurs; constructing, based on the power dissipation during the thermoplastic forming and a judging criterion for flow instability and on a flow stress-strain relation obtained from the high-temperature mechanical property test, power dissipation maps and flow instability maps at different strains, respectively; combining the power dissipation maps with the flow instability maps to obtain a hot processing map of the material; according to a profile of a power dissipation rate factor η and the flow instability criterion, obtaining potential dangerous forming conditions met with the flow instability criterion, and safe forming conditions under which the power dissipation rate factor η is large and the thermoplastic forming is facilitated; and finally performing hot power spinning of the cylindrical part at the temperature and strain rate that facilitates the thermoplastic forming of the material according to the hot processing map. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map, comprising: step (1): performing a high-temperature mechanical property test on a metal material at a temperature, a strain rate and a strain where dynamic recrystallization occurs, the temperature, strain rate and strain being dependent on the conditions required for dynamic recrystallization of the metal material during thermoplastic forming; step (2): performing an interpolation calculation on a flow stress-strain relation obtained with a limited number of test temperatures and strain rates; step (3): constructing, based on the power dissipation during the thermoplastic forming and a judging criterion for flow instability and on the expanded flow stress-strain relation obtained from the high-temperature mechanical property test, power dissipation maps and flow instability maps at different strains, respectively; step (4): combining the power dissipation maps with the flow instability maps to obtain a hot processing map of the material; according to a profile of a power dissipation rate factor η and the flow instability criterion, obtaining potential dangerous forming conditions met with the flow instability criterion, and forming conditions of safe forming conditions under which the thermoplastic forming is facilitated with the power dissipation rate factor η; and step (5): finally determining spinning parameters at the temperature and strain rate that facilitates the thermoplastic forming of the material according to the hot processing map, to perform hot power spinning of the cylindrical part, so as to obtain a cylindrical part satisfying the requirements of dimensional precision and structural properties. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the metal material in step (1) is a medium/low stacking fault energy metal or alloy which is susceptible to dynamic recrystallization during thermoplastic forming; and the temperature of the high-temperature mechanical property test in step (1) ranges from 50° C. below the dynamic recrystallization temperature to 50° C. above the thermoplastic forming temperature of the material. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the hot processing map in step (5) is a hot processing map based on a dynamic material model. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the strain rate of the high-temperature mechanical property test in step (1) is within 0.01 s−1-10 s−1 of a power spinning strain rate profile range of the cylindrical part; and the high-temperature mechanical property test in step (1) applies a strain amount of 0.6 or higher. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the interpolation calculation in step (2) is to expand the number of temperature and strain rate samples. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, a strain rate sensitivity coefficient m in the flow instability criterion in step (3) is a partial derivative of the flow stress σ with respect to the strain rate {dot over (ε)}, which determines the distribution between the energy G dissipated by the plastic deformation and the energy J dissipated by the microstructure evolution; the work P done by an external force on the unit volume of the material per unit time during the processing of the material, i.e. the total energy obtained by the material, is obtained by multiplying the stress σ and the strain rate {dot over (ε)}, which is in turn converted into the energy G consumed by the plastic deformation of the material and the energy J consumed by the microstructure evolution; { P = σ · ɛ . = G + J G = ∫ 0 ɛ . ⁢ σ ⁢ ⁢ d ⁢ ɛ . ⁢ J = ∫ 0 σ ⁢ ɛ . ⁢ d ⁢ ⁢ σ ⁢ an ideal energy dissipation system assumes that the amounts of energy consumed by the plastic deformation and by the microstructure evolution are the same, but the material is typically in a nonlinear energy dissipation state; and to describe the energy distribution relationship, the partial derivative of the flow stress σ with respect to the strain rate {dot over (ε)}, i.e. the stain rate sensitivity coefficient m, is used to describe the distribution ratio: m = ∂ ⁢ ln ⁢ ⁢ σ ∂ ⁢ ln ⁢ ⁢ ɛ . ⁢ ❘ ɛ , T = ɛ . ⁢ ∂ σ σ ⁢ ∂ ɛ . ⁢ ❘ ɛ , T = ∂ J ∂ G . ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the dangerous forming conditions in step (4) are conditions under which the flow instability criterion described by the strain rate sensitivity coefficient m and based on the extremum principle of irreversible thermodynamics of large plastic deformation is satisfied; based on the extremum principle of irreversible thermodynamics of large plastic deformation, the flow instability criterion is constructed by using a function of strain rate sensitivity coefficient m and strain rate: ∂ [ ln ⁡ ( m m + 1 ) ] ∂ ( ln ⁢ ⁢ ɛ . ) + m < 0 the conditions under which the thermoplastic forming is facilitated are that the power dissipation rate factor η for describing the proportion of the energy J dissipated by the microstructure evolution is large; and the energy dissipated by the microstructure evolution is at the maximum in an ideal linear energy dissipation system, Jmax=P/2, so that according to the relationship between the total energy P obtained by the material and the dissipated energy, the power dissipation rate factor η can be described by a function of the strain rate sensitivity coefficient m to describe the proportion of the energy J dissipated by the microstructure evolution: η = J J max = 2 ⁢ J P = 2 ⁢ m m + 1 . ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the temperature of the hot power spinning in step (5) is within a range of ±25° C. of a temperature for facilitating the thermoplastic forming according to the hot processing map. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the strain rate of the hot power spinning in step (5) is determined by controlling the forming angle of a roller, the feed ratio of the roller, the rotational speed of a spindle, the thinning rate, and/or the wall thickness of a blank; and the hot power spinning parameters are determined according to a relationship between the strain rate {dot over (ε)} of a power spinning deformation area of the cylindrical part, and the forming angle αρ of the spinning roller, the wall thickness t0 of the blank before spinning, the wall thickness tf of a workpiece after spinning, the wall thickness thinning rate φt and the feed speed v0: ɛ . = 2 3 ⁢ v 0 ⁢ ⁢ sin ⁢ ⁢ α ρ t 0 ⁡ ( 1 - φ t ) 2 ⁢ 1 - 3 4 ⁢ ( t θ ⁢ ⁢ f t f ) ⁢ sin 2 ⁢ ⁢ α ρ where αρ is the forming angle of the roller; t0 is the wall thickness of the blank before spinning; tf the wall thickness of the workpiece after spinning; tθf is the distance from different θ layers between an outer surface of the blank before spinning and an outer surface of the workpiece after spinning to an inner surface of the workpiece; φt is the wall thickness thinning rate; and v0 is the flow velocity (relative to the roller) of a point mass in a forming zone before the roller, and in the backward spinning forming, v0 is equal to the feed rate, which has a relationship v0=f·n with the feed ratio f and the rotational speed n of the spindle. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The integrated shape/property control method for hot power spinning of a cylindrical part based on a hot processing map according to claim 1, characterized in that, the conditions under which dynamic recrystallization occurs in step (1) are that in the medium/low stacking fault energy metal material in step (1), a recrystallization nucleus with an extremely low dislocation density is easily formed and grows at a grain boundary and a stress concentration site with a high dislocation density due to the fact that the dislocation density reaches a critical value during the thermoplastic forming, and this structure evolution process is called dynamic recrystallization in order to distinguish it from the recrystallization happened in heat treatment.