Powertrain system

A powertrain system, comprising:

• first and second torque devices associated with control of a driving force of a vehicle;
• and
• a control device configured to control the first and second torque devices, wherein the second torque device has a larger output response delay than that of the first torque device,
• the control device is configured to act as:
• a manipulated variable determination section that solves a linear programming problem to determine and output, based on a linear state equation that defines a relationship between a plurality of state quantities controlled by the powertrain system and first and second manipulated variables that are respective manipulated variables of the first and second torque devices, the first and second manipulated variables such that a plurality of target state quantities that are target values of the plurality of state quantities are maximally achieved within a plurality of constraints of the powertrain system;
• and
• a torque device control section that controls the first and second torque devices in accordance with the first and second manipulated variables output from the manipulated variable determination section,
• the plurality of constraints include, as upper and lower limit constraint values of the second manipulated variable, a maximum value and a minimum value of an attainable manipulated variable that is the second manipulated variable attainable at a next time step, and
• the control device is further configured to act as a manipulated variable upper and lower limit calculation section that calculates, as the upper and lower limit constraint values of the second manipulated variable, the maximum value and the minimum value of the attainable manipulated variable, based on a rotational speed and an estimated manipulated variable of the second torque device at a current time step.