Holographic data storage device with single-arm structure

A holographic data storage device with a single-arm structure, comprising:

• a laser output unit, a beam combining unit, a reference arm, and a beam splitting unit, wherein the laser output unit is configured to output light and perform beam expansion processing on the light;
• the light subjected to beam expansion processing is incident to the beam combining unit, and the beam combining unit converts the input light into a signal beam and a reference beam which are coaxial and have orthogonal polarization directions, and outputs same to the beam splitting unit;
• the beam splitting unit separates the received signal beam and reference beam, the reference beam enters the reference arm, and the signal beam is incident to a storage medium;
• the reference beam is adjusted by the reference arm and then incident to the storage medium;
• the signal beam and the reference beam are emitted and interfered on the storage medium to form a hologram for recording information in the storage medium, and storage capacity can be increased by a shift multiplexing method.