# US 2021/0172091 A1 · Hemp-based char or oils and polymers formed as fibers or films having enhanced properties

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- Number: US 2021/0172091 A1
- Document ID: US20210172091A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/248,491
- Filed: 2021-01-27
- Published: 2021-06-10
- Earliest claimed: 2019-04-26
- Assignees: Thomas Jefferson University; Ecofibre USA Inc.
- Applicants: Thomas Jefferson University; Ecofibre USA Inc.
- Inventors: Mark Sunderland; Jeffrey William Bruner; Lee Benjamin Williams
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20210172091A1

## CPC

- D01F 1/10: Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F 8/02: from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
- A41D 13/1138: {with a cup configuration}
- A41D 13/1146: {obtained by moulding}
- A41D 13/1161: {Means for fastening to the user's head}
- A41D 13/1192: {with antimicrobial agent}
- B01D 39/083: {of organic material}
- B01D 39/086: {of inorganic material}
- B01D 39/1615: {of natural origin}
- B01D 39/1623: {of synthetic origin}
- C08J 3/226: {using a polymer as a carrier}
- C08J 5/042: {with carbon fibres}
- C08J 5/045: {with vegetable or animal fibrous material}
- C08K 5/01: Hydrocarbons {(C08K5/0091 takes precedence)}
- C08K 5/053: Polyhydroxylic alcohols
- C08K 5/1545: Six-membered rings
- D01F 1/09: for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
- D01F 1/103: {Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms}
- D01F 1/106: {Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents}
- D01F 8/06: with at least one polyolefin as constituent
- D01F 8/12: with at least one polyamide as constituent
- D01F 8/14: with at least one polyester as constituent
- D01F 8/18: from other substances
- A41D 2400/10: Heat retention or warming
- A41D 2400/26: UV light protection
- B01D 2239/0241: comprising electrically conductive fibres or particles
- B01D 2239/0266: comprising biodegradable or bio-soluble polymers
- B01D 2239/0442: Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal additives
- B01D 2239/0457: Specific fire retardant or heat resistant properties
- B01D 2239/065: More than one layer present in the filtering material
- B01D 2239/10: Filtering material manufacturing
- B01D 2239/1233: Fibre diameter
- B29K 2311/10: Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
- B29K 2511/10: Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
- C08J 2323/12: Polypropene
- C08J 2367/02: Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds; (C08J2367/06 takes precedence)
- C08J 2367/04: Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones (C08J2367/06 takes precedence)
- C08J 2377/02: Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof (C08J2377/10 takes precedence)
- C08J 2423/12: Polypropene
- C08J 2467/02: Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds (C08J2467/06 takes precedence)
- C08J 2467/04: Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones (C08J2467/06 takes precedence)
- C08J 2477/02: Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof (C08J2477/10 takes precedence)
- C08K 2201/005: Additives being defined by their particle size in general
- C08K 2201/014: Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
- D01F 8/04: from synthetic polymers
- D10B 2401/13: anti-allergenic or anti-bacterial
- D10B 2501/04: Outerwear; Protective garments
- Y10T 428/2913: Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T 428/2918: including free carbon or carbide or therewith [not as steel]
- D01F: CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- A41D: OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- B01D: SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D; by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F1/42; {arrangements of air intake cleaners in gas turbine plants F02C7/05} ; arrangements or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F13/28)
- C08J: WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H (working, e.g. shaping, of plastics B29)
- C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
- B29K: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR {MOULDS, } REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- D10B: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION

## Abstract

A process of forming a fiber comprised of a plurality of bio-char particles, comprising: combining a portion of a polymer with a hemp derivative, said hemp derivative selected form a hemp carbon made by pyrolyzing a quantity of hemp stalk at between 1100-1500° C. to create a char; adding the char to a milling vessel and milling the char for a period of between 1 to 16 hours, and a full spectrum hemp extract, or combinations thereof, wherein the polymer and hemp derivative are extruded to form a fiber.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of manufacturing a nonmetallic conductive fiber comprising:
carbonizing a portion of hemp in a furnace, said furnace being flushed with nitrogen and then heated to at least 1100° C., wherein the at least 1100° C. temperature is held for at least 60 minutes and wherein nitrogen flow is maintained over the heating and hold times to maintain a low oxygen environment;
removing the hemp from the furnace and cooling it to room temperature;
milling the cooled hemp to an average particle size of less than 2 microns; and
combining the milled hemp with a polymer and postprocessing the hemp and polymer into a fiber;
wherein the fiber comprises between 0.1 and 20 weight percent of the milled hemp.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein said fiber is a single component yarn, a bicomponent yarn, or a tricomponent yarn.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the fiber is a thread having a denier size of between 0.1 and 40.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of: a thermoset polymer, a thermoplastic polymer, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising a full spectrum hemp extract wherein said full spectrum hemp extract comprises between 0.1 and 2.0 weight percent of the fiber.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer and portion of hemp derivative are further mixed with at least one excipient selected from the group consisting of: pigments, UV stabilizers, antioxidants, heat stabilizing components, flame retardants, antimicrobial agents, nucleating or clarifying agents, optical brighteners, compatibilizers, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the milled hemp comprises 95% of particles between 0.1 and 2 microns.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the portion of milled hemp is admixed via a master batch, said master batch comprising between 1% and 50% of the total weight of the fiber.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the temperature is increased at a linear heat ramp.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein at least 90% of the particles are less than 2 microns.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 further comprising the addition of 0.1-20 weight percent of an essential oil.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein the essential oil is selected from the group consisting of: a hemp-based oil, allspice, angelica, anise, basil, bay leaf, benzoin, bergamot, birch, bitter almond, black pepper, boldo, buchu, cajuput, calamus, chamomile, camphor, caraway, cardamom, carrot seed, cassia, catnip, cedarwood, cinnamon, citronella, clary sage, clove, coriander, cumin, cypress, davana, dill, elemi, eucalyptus, fennel, frankincense, galbanum, geranium, ginger, grapefruit, helichrysum, hyssop, jasmine, juniper, lavandin, lavender, lemon, lemongrass, lime, mandarin, manuka, marjoram, melissa, mugwort, mullein, mustard, myrrh, myrtle, neroli, niaouli, nutmeg, oakmoss, orange, oregano, palma rosa, parsley, patchouli, pennyroyal, peppermint, petitgrain, pimento, pine, ravensara, rose, rosemary, rosewood, rue, sage, sandalwood, spearmint, spikenard, tagetes, tangerine, tansy, tarragon, tea tree, thuja, thyme, tuberose, vanilla, vetiver, wintergreen, wormwood, yarrow, ylang ylang, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the milled hemp comprises between 0.01% and 20% of a master batch, and wherein the milled hemp comprises between 0.01% and 5% of the total weight of an extruded fiber.

### Claim 14

A nonmetallic conductive fiber comprising:
a polymer and a carbonized hemp having an average particle size of less than 2 microns;
wherein said carbonized hemp comprises between 0.1 and 20 weight percentage of said fiber, and wherein said carbonized hemp is made by being heated to at least 1100° C., wherein the at least 1100° C. temperature is held for at least 60 minutes and wherein nitrogen flow is maintained over the heating and hold times to maintain a low oxygen environment and then milled to an average particle size of less than 2 microns.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The fiber of claim 14 wherein at least 90% of the particles are less than 2 microns.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The fiber of claim 14 further comprising the addition of 0.1-20 weight percent of an essential oil.

### Claim 17 (depends on 14)

The fiber of claim 14 further comprising a full spectrum hemp extract wherein said full spectrum hemp extract comprises between 0.1 and 2.0 weight percent of the fiber.

### Claim 18 (depends on 14)

The fiber of claim 14 further comprising at least one excipient selected from the group consisting of: pigments, UV stabilizers, antioxidants, heat stabilizing components, flame retardants, antimicrobial agents, nucleating or clarifying agents, optical brighteners, compatibilizers, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 19 (depends on 14)

The fiber of claim 14 wherein said fiber is a single component yarn, a bicomponent yarn, or a tricomponent yarn.

### Claim 20 (depends on 14)

The fiber of claim 14 wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of: a thermoset polymer, a thermoplastic polymer, and combinations thereof.