Array substrate and method of manufacturing the same, display panel and display apparatus

A method of manufacturing an array substrate, comprising:

• forming a plurality of gates and a plurality of gate lines above a substrate;
• forming a gate insulating layer on a side of the substrate on which the plurality of gates and the plurality of gate lines are formed;
• forming a plurality of active layers, a plurality of semiconductor retention layers, a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes that are disposed on a side of the plurality of active layers facing away from the substrate, and a plurality of data lines disposed on a side of the plurality of semiconductor retention layers facing away from the substrate on a side of the substrate on which the gate insulating layer is formed, by one patterning process;
• wherein
• the plurality of data lines are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of semiconductor retention layers, and an orthographic projection of each data line on the substrate overlaps with an orthographic projection of a corresponding semiconductor retention layer on the substrate;
• before forming the plurality of semiconductor retention layers, the method of manufacturing the array substrate further comprises:
• forming at least one first light-shielding layer above the substrate;
• wherein
• one first light-shielding layer of the at least one first light-shielding layer is formed between one semiconductor retention layer of the plurality of semiconductor retention layers to be formed and the substrate, and an orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer on the substrate covers an orthographic projection of the semiconductor retention layer on the substrate.