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US 2021/0053044 A1Published application
Redox Dehydration Coupling Catalysts and Methods Related Thereto
AssigneeEmory University
InventorsLanny Steven Liebeskind, Pavan Kumar Reddy Gangireddy, Srirama Murthy Akondi
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Abstract
This disclosure relates to synthetic coupling methods using catalytic molecules. In certain embodiments, the catalytic molecules comprise heterocyclic thiolamide, S-acylthiosalicylamide, disulfide, selenium containing heterocycle, diselenide compound, ditelluride compound or tellurium containing heterocycle. Catalytic molecules disclosed herein are useful as catalysts in the transformation of hydroxy group containing compounds to amides, esters, ketones, and other carbon to heteroatom or carbon to carbon transformations
Claims11
A method of catalyzing a coupling reaction comprising mixing
- a) a compound comprising a hydroxy group or a hydroxy group as a segment of a carboxylic acid group,
- b) a PR3, wherein PR3 is a trisubsituted phosphite, phosphine or a phosphorus containing five member heterocycle,
- c) a nucleophile, and
- d) a catalytic heterocycle having the following formula:
- or salt thereof wherein,
- Y is N, CH, or C—R5;
- Z is N or CH;
- D is S or Se, or Te;
- W is C═O, S═O, SO2, P═O, PO2CH2, or CRa2;
- Ra is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl;
- R1 is alkyl;
- R2 is alkyl;
- or R1 and R2 come together to form a carbocyclyl;
- R4 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, cyano, dialkylamino, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl wherein R4 is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different, R40 or R41;
- R40 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl wherein R40 is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different, R41;
- R41 is selected from halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulfamoyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, acetyl, acetoxy, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, N-methyl-N-ethylamino, acetylamino, N-methylcarbamoyl, N-ethylcarbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl, N,N-diethylcarbamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl, methylthio, ethylthio, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, mesyl, ethylsulfonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N,N-diethylsulfamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylsulfamoyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl;
- R5 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl wherein R5 is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different, R50;
- R50 is selected from halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulfamoyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, acetyl, acetoxy, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, N-methyl-N-ethylamino, acetylamino, N-methylcarbamoyl, N-ethylcarbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl, N,N-diethylcarbamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl, methylthio, ethylthio, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, mesyl, ethylsulfonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N,N-diethylsulfamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylsulfamoyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl;
- under conditions such that a compound is formed comprising the nucleophile in place of the hydroxy group.
16 more elements
A method of catalyzing a coupling reaction comprising mixing
- a) a compound comprising a hydroxy group or a hydroxy group as a segment of a carboxylic acid group,
- b) a PR3, wherein PR3 is a trisubsituted phosphite, phosphine or a phosphorus containing five member heterocycle,
- c) a nucleophile, and
- d) a catalytic heterocycle having the following formula:
- or salt thereof wherein,
- Y is N, CH, or C—R5;
- Z is N or CH;
- D is Se or Te;
- W is C═O, S═O, SO2, P═O, PO2, CH2, or CRa2;
- Ra is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl;
- R1 is hydrogen or alkyl;
- R4 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, cyano, dialkylamino, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl wherein R4 is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different, R40 or R41;
- R40 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl wherein R40 is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different, R41;
- R41 is selected from halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulfamoyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, acetyl, acetoxy, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, N-methyl-N-ethylamino, acetylamino, N-methylcarbamoyl, N-ethylcarbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl, N,N-diethylcarbamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl, methylthio, ethylthio, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, mesyl, ethylsulfonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N,N-diethylsulfamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylsulfamoyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl;
- R5 is selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkanoyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, mercapto, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl wherein R5 is optionally substituted with one or more, the same or different, R50;
- R50 is selected from halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, trifluoromethoxy, trifluoromethyl, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulfamoyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, acetyl, acetoxy, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, N-methyl-N-ethylamino, acetylamino, N-methylcarbamoyl, N-ethylcarbamoyl, N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl, N,N-diethylcarbamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl, methylthio, ethylthio, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, mesyl, ethylsulfonyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, N-methylsulfamoyl, N-ethylsulfamoyl, N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl, N,N-diethylsulfamoyl, N-methyl-N-ethylsulfamoyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, and heterocyclyl;
- under conditions such that a compound is formed comprising the nucleophile in place of the hydroxy group.
14 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.