# US 2020/0404352 A1 · Methods and apparatus to perform identity matching across audience measurement systems > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2020/0404352 A1 - Document ID: US20200404352A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 17/011,794 - Filed: 2020-09-03 - Published: 2020-12-24 - Earliest claimed: 2015-12-28 - Assignees: The Nielsen Company (US), LLC - Applicants: The Nielsen Company (US), LLC - Inventors: Jonathan Sullivan; Peter Campbell Doe; Edmond Wong - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20200404352A1 ## CPC - H04N 21/252: {Processing of multiple end-users' preferences to derive collaborative data} - H04H 60/31: Arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services - H04H 60/45: for identifying users - H04H 60/46: for recognising users' preferences - H04N 21/25883: {being end-user demographical data, e.g. age, family status or address (arrangements for identifying locations of users in broadcast systems H04H60/52)} - H04N 21/4667: {Processing of monitored end-user data, e.g. trend analysis based on the log file of viewer selections} - H04N 21/812: {involving advertisement data (advertising per se G06Q30/02)} - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - H04H: BROADCAST COMMUNICATION (multiplex communication H04J; pictorial communication aspects of broadcast systems H04N) ## Abstract Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture to perform identity matching across audience measurement systems are disclosed. An example apparatus includes processor circuitry to execute computer readable instructions to identify a first one of a plurality of search spaces in a data structure based on a query event, the data structure based on audience measurement events corresponding to a first audience measurement system, the query event corresponding to a second audience measurement system, determine the query event and a first audience measurement event in the search space are a candidate match when a distance between the query event and the first audience measurement event satisfies a threshold, generate a profile for a first user identifier based on the audience measurement events associated with the first audience measurement system based on the candidate match, the profile including the second user identifier but not the first user identifier, and provide the profile to the second audience measurement system without the first user identifier. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An apparatus comprising: memory; and processor circuitry to execute computer readable instructions to: identify a first one of a plurality of search spaces in a data structure based on a query event, the data structure based on audience measurement events corresponding to a first audience measurement system, the query event corresponding to a second audience measurement system; determine the query event and a first audience measurement event in the search space are a candidate match when a distance between the query event and the first audience measurement event satisfies a threshold; generate a profile for a first user identifier based on the audience measurement events associated with the first audience measurement system, the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system, the first user identifier linked to a second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system based on the candidate match, the profile including the second user identifier but not the first user identifier; and provide the profile to the second audience measurement system without the first user identifier. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein the processor circuitry is to: build the data structure based on normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system, the data structure including the plurality of search spaces; and link the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system to the second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system based on a plurality of candidate matches. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein the normalized audience measurement events are first normalized audience measurement events, and the processor circuitry is to: generate a first matrix based on the normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system; and generate a second matrix based on normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the second audience measurement system. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein a size associated with the first matrix corresponds to (1) a number of the first normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system and (2) a number of variables in common between the first normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system and the second normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the second audience measurement system. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein the processor circuitry is to: compare the size associated with the first matrix to a size associated with the second matrix; and determine whether the size associated with the first matrix is greater than the size associated with the second matrix when building the data structure based on the first normalized measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system. ### Claim 6 (depends on 2) The apparatus as defined in claim 2, wherein the processor circuitry is to: build a first array based on a number of matched events between a first set of user identifiers associated with the first audience measurement system and a second set of user identifiers associated with the second audience measurement system, the first set of user identifiers and the second set of user identifiers included in the plurality of candidate matches; build a second array based on a first percentage of matched events associated with the first set of user identifiers; build a third array based on a second percentage of matched events associated with the second set of user identifiers; and build a fourth array based on clock offsets associated with the plurality of candidate matches. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein the processor circuitry is to: compare a first value associated with an identifier combination to a first threshold, the first value from the first array, the identifier combination (1) selected from the first set of user identifiers and the second set of user identifiers and (2) associated with a non-zero cell in the first array; compare a second value associated with the identifier combination to a second threshold when the first value satisfies the first threshold, the second value from the second array; compare a third value associated with the identifier combination to a third threshold when the second value satisfies the second threshold, the third value from the third array; and compare a fourth value associated with the identifier combination to a fourth threshold when the third value satisfies the third threshold, the fourth value from the fourth array. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The apparatus as defined in claim 7, wherein the processor circuitry is to use the identifier combination to link the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system to the second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system when the fourth value satisfies the fourth threshold. ### Claim 9 A method to perform identity matching, the method comprising: identifying, by executing an instruction with a processor, a first one of a plurality of search spaces in a data structure based on a query event, the data structure based on audience measurement events corresponding to a first audience measurement system, the query event corresponding to a second audience measurement system; determining, by executing an instruction with the processor, the query event and a first audience measurement event in the search space are a candidate match when a distance between the query event and the first audience measurement event satisfies a threshold; generating, by executing an instruction with the processor, a profile for a first user identifier based on the audience measurement events associated with the first audience measurement system, the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system, the first user identifier linked to a second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system based on the candidate match, the profile including the second user identifier but not the first user identifier; and providing, by executing an instruction with the processor, the profile to the second audience measurement system without the first user identifier. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method as defined in claim 9, further including: building the data structure based on normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system, the data structure including the plurality of search spaces; and linking the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system to the second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system based on a plurality of candidate matches. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method as defined in claim 10, wherein the normalized audience measurement events are first normalized audience measurement events, further including: generating a first matrix based on the normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system; and generating a second matrix based on normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the second audience measurement system. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method as defined in claim 11, wherein a size associated with the first matrix corresponds to (1) a number of the first normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system and (2) a number of variables in common between the first normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system and the second normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the second audience measurement system. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method as defined in claim 12, wherein the building of the data structure includes: comparing the size associated with the first matrix to a size associated with the second matrix; and determining whether the size associated with the first matrix is greater than the size associated with the second matrix. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method as defined in claim 10, further including: building a first array based on a number of matched events between a first set of user identifiers associated with the first audience measurement system and a second set of user identifiers associated with the second audience measurement system, the first set of user identifiers and the second set of user identifiers included in the plurality of candidate matches; building a second array based on a first percentage of matched events associated with the first set of user identifiers; building a third array based on a second percentage of matched events associated with the second set of user identifiers; and building a fourth array based on clock offsets associated with the plurality of candidate matches. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method as defined in claim 14, further including: comparing a first value associated with an identifier combination to a first threshold, the first value from the first array, the identifier combination (1) selected from the first set of user identifiers and the second set of user identifiers and (2) associated with a non-zero cell in the first array; in response to determining that the first value satisfies the first threshold, comparing a second value associated with the identifier combination to a second threshold, the second value from the second array; in response to determining that the second value satisfies the second threshold, comparing a third value associated with the identifier combination to a third threshold, the third value from the third array; and in response to determining that that the third value satisfies the third threshold, comparing a fourth value associated with the identifier combination to a fourth threshold, the fourth value from the fourth array. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method as defined in claim 15, further including using the identifier combination to link the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system to the second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system when the fourth value satisfies the fourth threshold. ### Claim 17 A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed, cause a machine to at least: identify a first one of a plurality of search spaces in a data structure based on a query event, the data structure based on audience measurement events corresponding to a first audience measurement system, the query event corresponding to a second audience measurement system; determine the query event and a first audience measurement event in the search space are a candidate match when a distance between the query event and the first audience measurement event satisfies a threshold; generate a profile for a first user identifier based on the audience measurement events associated with the first audience measurement system, the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system, the first user identifier linked to a second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system based on the candidate match, the profile including the second user identifier but not the first user identifier; and provide the profile to the second audience measurement system without the first user identifier. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 17, wherein the instructions further cause the machine to: build the data structure based on normalized audience measurement events corresponding to the first audience measurement system, the data structure including the plurality of search spaces; and link the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system to the second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system based on a plurality of candidate matches. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 18, wherein the instructions further cause the machine to: build a first array based on a number of matched events between a first set of user identifiers associated with the first audience measurement system and a second set of user identifiers associated with the second audience measurement system, the first set of user identifiers and the second set of user identifiers included in the plurality of candidate matches; build a second array based on a first percentage of matched events associated with the first set of user identifiers; build a third array based on a second percentage of matched events associated with the second set of user identifiers; and build a fourth array based on clock offsets associated with the plurality of candidate matches. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The non-transitory computer readable medium as defined in claim 19, wherein the instructions further cause the machine to: compare a first value associated with an identifier combination to a first threshold, the first value from the first array, the identifier combination (1) selected from the first set of user identifiers and the second set of user identifiers and (2) associated with a non-zero cell in the first array; compare a second value associated with the identifier combination to a second threshold when the first value satisfies the first threshold, the second value from the second array; compare a third value associated with the identifier combination to a third threshold when the second value satisfies the second threshold, the third value from the third array; compare a fourth value associated with the identifier combination to a fourth threshold when the third value satisfies the third threshold, the fourth value from the fourth array; and use the identifier combination to link the first user identifier associated with the first audience measurement system to the second user identifier associated with the second audience measurement system when the fourth value satisfies the fourth threshold.