# US 2020/0399487 A1 · Coreactive materials and methods for three-dimensional printing

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- Number: US 2020/0399487 A1
- Document ID: US20200399487A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 17/010,039
- Filed: 2020-09-02
- Published: 2020-12-24
- Earliest claimed: 2014-11-24
- Assignees: PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.
- Applicants: PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.
- Inventors: David R. Fenn; Kurt G. Olson; Reza M. Rock; Cynthia Kutchko; Susan F. Donaldson; Hao Sun
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20200399487A1

## CPC

- C09D 11/102: containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- B29C 64/112: using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
- B33Y 10/00: Processes of additive manufacturing
- B33Y 70/00: Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y 80/00: Products made by additive manufacturing
- C08G 18/10: Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G 18/3225: {Polyamines}
- C08G 18/3228: {acyclic}
- C08G 18/3234: {cycloaliphatic}
- C08G 18/325: {containing secondary or tertiary amino groups (C08G18/3228, C08G18/3234, C08G18/3246 take precedence)}
- C08G 18/3821: {Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds}
- C08G 18/4854: {Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group}
- C08G 18/5024: {containing primary and/or secondary amino groups}
- C08G 18/73: acyclic
- C08G 18/755: {and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate}
- C08G 18/7893: {having three nitrogen atoms in the ring}
- C08G 18/792: {formed by oligomerisation of aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic isocyanates or isothiocyanates}
- C08K 3/36: Silica
- C09D 11/03: characterised by features other than the chemical nature of the binder
- C09D 11/30: Inkjet printing inks
- C09D 11/38: characterised by non-macromolecular additives other than solvents, pigments or dyes
- C09D 175/02: Polyureas
- B29K 2075/02: {Polyureas}
- C08G 2150/50: Compositions for coatings applied by spraying at least two streams of reaction components
- C09D: COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR (cosmetics A61K; processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general, B05D; staining wood B27K5/02; glazes or vitreous enamels C03C; natural resins, French polish, drying-oils, driers, turpentine, per se, C09F; polishing compositions other than French polish, ski waxes C09G; adhesives or use of materials as adhesives C09J; materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K3/10; materials for stopping leaks C09K3/12; processes for the electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings C25D)
- B29C: SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING (making preforms B29B11/00; making laminated products by combining previously unconnected layers which become one product whose layers will remain together B32B37/00 - B32B41/00)
- B33Y: ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- C08G: MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09)
- B29K: INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR {MOULDS, } REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS

## Abstract

Methods of printing a three-dimensional object using co-reactive components are disclosed. Thermosetting compositions for three-dimensional printing are also disclosed.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A composition for three-dimensional printing, comprising:
a first component comprising a first compound, wherein the first compound comprises at least one first functional group; and
a second component comprising a second compound, wherein the second compound comprises at least one second functional group,
wherein the at least one second functional group is reactive with the at least one first functional group;
wherein at least one of the first functional group and the second functional group comprises a saturated functional group;
wherein each of the first functional group and the second functional group does not comprise an ethylenically unsaturated group; and
wherein the composition comprises a filler comprising a specific gravity less than 0.7.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has a specific gravity from 0.8 to 1.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition has a specific gravity from 0.7 to 0.9.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is characterized by: a viscosity less than 30 cP; a surface tension of 30 mN/m to 50 nM/m; a contact angle on glass of less than 20 degrees; and a contact angle on polyethylene terephthalate of less than 40 degrees.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein each of the first component and the second component comprises less than 5 wt % solvent, wherein wt % is based on the total weight of each of the respective coreactive components.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein an equivalents ratio of the at least one first functional group to the at least one second functional group is from 2:1 to 1:2.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the first compound and the second compound are capable of coreacting at a temperature less than 30° C.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein each of the first component and the second component independently comprises:
a monomer having a molecular weight less than 600 Daltons;
a prepolymer having a molecular weight with a range from 1,000 Daltons to 20,000 Daltons; or
a combination thereof.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein,
the composition comprises an additional coreactive component, wherein the additional coreactive component comprises a compound comprising at least one third functional group, wherein the at least one third functional group is different than the first functional group and the second functional group; and
the third functional group is reactive with the first functional group or the second functional group.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The composition of claim 9, wherein a reaction rate of the third functional group with the first functional group or the second functional group is different than a reaction rate of the first functional group with the second functional group.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises from 1 wt % to 40 wt % of the filler.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the filler comprises an electrically conductive filler.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the filler comprises silica.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the filler comprises a magnetic filler.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises a colorant.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises carbon fiber, glass fiber, graphene, or a combination of any of the foregoing.

### Claim 17 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises an amount of an electrically conductive filler sufficient to impart effective EMI/RFI resistance over a frequency range of 1 MHz to 18 GHz to a three-dimensional object.

### Claim 18 (depends on 1)

The composition of claim 1, wherein the first component and the second component are mixed to form an extrusion comprising a cross-sectional profile.

### Claim 19 (depends on 1)

An object prepared from the composition of claim 1.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The object of claim 19, wherein the object has a specific gravity from 0.8 to 1.

### Claim 21 (depends on 19)

The object of claim 19, wherein the object has a specific gravity from 0.7 to 0.9.

### Claim 22 (depends on 19)

The object of claim 19, wherein the object comprises a shape that overhangs an underlying layer.

### Claim 23 (depends on 1)

A cured composition prepared from the composition of claim 1.

### Claim 24 (depends on 23)

An object comprising the cured composition of claim 23.