Treatment of eye disorders

A device or system comprising at least one neural interfacing electrode placed on, in, or around an eye-related sympathetic nerve, and a voltage or current source configured to generate an electrical signal to be applied to the eye-related sympathetic nerve via the at least one neural interfacing electrode wherein the electrical signal reversibly stimulates neural activity of the eye-related sympathetic nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in a subject, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of:

• a level of an angiogenic growth factor in the eye, neovascularization ocular blood flow, blood pressure, blood oxygenation, an extent of vision impairment, a level of an immune response modulator in the eye, an extent of blood vessel leakage in the eye, an extent of macular edema, a presence of retinal exudates, a presence of capillary microaneurysms, a presence of hemorrhages, an extent of retinal cell death, an extent of capillary basement membrane thickening, a level of an oxidative stress marker, and a level of a peroxynitrite marker.

A method of reversibly stimulating neural activity in the internal carotid nerve (ICN) comprising (i) implanting in a subject a device or system comprising at least one neural interfacing electrode placed on, in, or around the ICN, and a voltage or current source configured to generate an electrical signal to be applied to the ICN via the at least one neural interfacing electrode wherein the electrical signal reversibly stimulates neural activity of the ICN to produce a change in a physiological parameter in a subject, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of:

• a level of an angiogenic growth factor in the eye, neovascularization, ocular blood flow, blood pressure, blood oxygenation, an extent of vision impairment, a level of an immune response modulator in the eye, an extent of blood vessel leakage in the eye, an extent of macular edema, a presence of retinal exudates, a presence of capillary microaneurysms, a presence of hemorrhages, an extent of retinal cell death, an extent of capillary basement membrane thickening, a level of an oxidative stress marker, and a level of a peroxynitrite marker.

A method for treating an eye disorder, comprising applying an electrical signal to an eye-related sympathetic nerve via at least one neural interfacing electrode, wherein the signal reversibly stimulates neural activity of the eye-related sympathetic nerve to produce a change in a physiological parameter in a subject, wherein the at least one neural interfacing electrode is suitable for placement on, in, or around the eye-related sympathetic nerve, wherein the physiological parameter is one or more of the group consisting of:

• the level of an angiogenic growth factor in the eye, neovascularization, ocular blood flow, blood pressure, blood oxygenation, an extent of vision impairment, a level of an immune response modulator in the eye, an extent of blood vessel leakage in the eye, an extent of macular edema, a presence of retinal exudates, a presence of capillary microaneurysms, a presence of hemorrhages, an extent of retinal cell death, an extent of capillary basement membrane thickening, a level of an oxidative stress marker, and a level of a peroxynitrite marker.