# US 2020/0288606 A1 · Data center having rack clusters with high density, air-cooled server racks > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2020/0288606 A1 - Document ID: US20200288606A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/809,367 - Filed: 2020-03-04 - Published: 2020-09-10 - Earliest claimed: 2019-03-08 - Assignees: NVIDIA Corporation - Applicants: Nvidia Corporation - Inventors: Alex R. Naderi - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20200288606A1 ## CPC - H05K 7/20736: {within cabinets for removing heat from server blades} - H05K 7/1488: {Cabinets therefor, e.g. chassis or racks or mechanical interfaces between blades and support structures} - H05K 7/20745: {within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. by air conditioning device} - H05K: PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS ## Abstract The disclosure provides a data center with high density server racks that are solely air cooled. Additionally, rack clusters are disclosed that allow flexibility in managing, upgrading, and building data centers for high density server racks while still employing air cooling. In one embodiment, the data center includes: (1) a cooling system that provides a cold air supply; and (2) a rack cluster including multiple server racks rated at greater than 20 kW, wherein each of the multiple server racks has a front side facing the cold air supply and a back side, and each of the multiple server racks are solely cooled by air moving therethrough from the front side to the back side. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A data center, comprising: a cooling system that provides a cold air supply; and a rack cluster including multiple server racks rated at greater than 20 kW, wherein each of the multiple server racks has a front side facing the cold air supply and a back side, and each of the multiple server racks are solely cooled by air moving therethrough from the front side to the back side. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, wherein one or more of the multiple server racks includes a compute node having at least one fan that pulls the cold air supply from the front side through to the back side. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, wherein the rack cluster includes rack positions and each of the multiple server racks are positioned in a different one of the rack positions, wherein one of more of the rack positions do not include one of the multiple server racks. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, further comprising a containment system, wherein the rack cluster is at least partially positioned within the containment system and the containment system isolates the cold air supply at the front side of each of the multiple server racks from a hot exhaust at the back side of each of the multiple server racks. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, further comprising a raised floor having perforated tiles that allow distribution of the cold air supply at the front side of each of the multiple server racks. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The data center as recited in claim 5, wherein an open area percentage of the perforated tiles is selected to control air flow of the cold air supply. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, wherein the rack cluster includes two rows of rack positions and the cold air supply is provided between the two rows. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, wherein one or more of the multiple server racks includes one or more GPU driven servers. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The data center as recited in claim 1, wherein the rack cluster is a first rack cluster and the data center includes additional rack clusters, wherein at least a first one of the additional rack clusters has a same power demand as the first rack cluster. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The data center as recited in claim 9, wherein at least a second one of the additional rack clusters has a different power demand as the first rack cluster. ### Claim 11 A method of converting an area of a data center from low density server racks to high density server racks, wherein the area employs an air cooling system for cooling the low density server racks, the method comprising; removing low density server racks located in the area; adding one or more high density server racks to the area, wherein the one or more high density server racks are part of at least one rack cluster; and solely employing the air cooling system for cooling the at least one rack cluster. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method as recited in claim 11, wherein at least a portion of the low density server racks are located in a containment system and the adding includes positioning at least a portion of the at least one rack cluster in the containment system. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method as recited in claim 12, wherein the adding includes changing an open area percentage of at least some perforated tiles located within the containment system. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method as recited in claim 11, further comprising arranging the high density server racks within the at least one rack cluster based on cooling requirements, wherein at least some rack positions of the rack cluster are open. ### Claim 15 A method of installing high density, air-cooled server racks within a data center, comprising: receiving a power specification for a high density server rack and an air cooling specification for a data center; determining a rack cluster for multiple high density racks based on the power specification and the air cooling specification; and arranging the multiple high density racks in the rack cluster employing Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) modelling. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method as recited in claim 15, further comprising determining placement of the rack cluster within the data center employing additional CFD modelling. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method as recited in claim 16, wherein the rack cluster is one of multiple rack clusters and the method further comprises determining placement of the multiple rack clusters within the data center employing the additional CFD modelling. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method as recited in claim 17, wherein each of the multiple rack clusters has a same maximum power demand. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method as recited in claim 17, wherein at least one of the multiple rack clusters has a server rack with a different power requirement than the high density server rack. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The method as recited in claim 17, wherein one or more of the multiple rack clusters includes one or more GPU driven servers.