# US 2020/0288167 A1 · Reference picture signaling > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2020/0288167 A1 - Document ID: US20200288167A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/885,103 - Filed: 2020-05-27 - Published: 2020-09-10 - Earliest claimed: 2011-06-30 - Assignees: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) - Applicants: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) - Inventors: Jonatan Samuelsson; Rickard Sjöberg - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20200288167A1 ## CPC - H04N 19/573: Motion compensation with multiple frame prediction using two or more reference frames in a given prediction direction - H04N 19/31: in the temporal domain - H04N 19/433: characterised by techniques for memory access - H04N 19/58: Motion compensation with long-term prediction, i.e. the reference frame for a current frame not being the temporally closest one (H04N19/23 takes precedence) - H04N 19/70: characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards - H04N 19/89: involving methods or arrangements for detection of transmission errors at the decoder - H04L 47/50: Queue scheduling - H04L 65/61: for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract An encoded representation of a picture of a video stream is decoded by retrieving buffer description from the encoded representation. The buffer description information is used to determine at least one picture identifier identifying a respective reference picture as decoding reference for the picture. A decoded picture buffer is updated based on the determined picture identifier. The encoded representation of the picture itself comprises the information needed by a decoder to identify the reference pictures required to decode the encoded representation. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of decoding a picture in a video stream of multiple pictures, said method comprising: decoding buffer description information defining at least one reference picture from an encoded representation of the picture; determining, based on the buffer description information, at least one delta identifier that corresponds to a difference between a reference picture identifier and a picture identifier identifying the picture; determining, based on the at least one delta identifier, a reference picture identifier identifying said reference picture; and comparing the at least one reference picture identifier determined from the buffer description information with reference picture identifiers associated with reference pictures stored in a decoded picture buffer. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising determining, for said reference picture, at least one reference picture among multiple reference pictures as a decoding reference for said reference picture. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein delta display order information is included in the buffer description information and is encoded with a variable-length code. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein determining, for said picture, at least one reference picture among said multiple pictures comprises: determining, based on said buffer description information, i) at least one picture identifier identifying a respective reference picture among said multiple reference pictures as the decoding reference for said picture and ii) at least one picture identifier identifying a respective reference picture among said multiple reference pictures as a decoding reference for a subsequent, according to a decoding order, picture in said video stream. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising updating a decoded picture buffer based on said at least one reference picture identifier. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, wherein updating said decoded picture buffer comprises marking all reference pictures present in said decoded picture buffer and not being associated with any of said at least one reference picture identifier determined based on said buffer description information as unused for reference. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining whether the reference picture identified by the reference picture identifier is one of missing or non-existing; and responsive to determining the reference picture identified by the reference picture identifier is one of missing or non-existing, generating a non-existing picture with parameters set to parameters of the reference picture identified by the reference picture identifier. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein generating the non-existing picture with parameters comprises at least one of: setting a picture order count (POC) of the non-existing picture to a POC of the reference picture; setting an additional_picture_id of the non-existing picture to an additional_picture_id of the reference picture; setting a temporal_id of the non-existing picture to a temporal_id of the reference picture; and marking the non-existing picture with a non-existing mark and a used for reference mark. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein marking any of the reference pictures is performed prior to decoding said picture. ### Claim 10 A decoder configured to decode an encoded representation of a picture in a video stream of multiple pictures, the decoder comprising: at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform operations comprising: decoding buffer description information defining at least one reference picture from an encoded representation of the picture; determining, based on the buffer description information, at least one delta identifier that corresponds to a difference between a reference picture identifier and a picture identifier identifying said picture; determining, based on the at least one delta identifier, at least one reference picture identifier identifying said reference picture; and comparing the at least one reference picture identifier determined from the buffer description information with reference picture identifiers associated with reference pictures stored in a decoded picture buffer. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The decoder of claim 10, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform operations further comprising determining, for said reference picture, at least one reference picture among multiple reference pictures as a decoding reference for said reference picture. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The decoder of claim 10, wherein delta display order information is included in the buffer description information and is encoded with a variable-length code. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The decoder of claim 10, wherein in determining, for said picture, at least one reference picture among said multiple pictures, the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform operations comprising: determining, based on said buffer description information, i) at least one picture identifier identifying a respective reference picture among said multiple reference pictures as the decoding reference for said picture and ii) at least one picture identifier identifying a respective reference picture among said multiple reference pictures as a decoding reference for a subsequent, according to a decoding order, picture in said video stream. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The decoder of claim 10, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform operations further comprising updating a decoded picture buffer based on said at least one reference picture identifier. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The decoder of claim 14, wherein in updating said decoded picture buffer the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform further operations comprising marking all reference pictures present in said decoded picture buffer and not being associated with any of said at least one reference picture identifier determined based on said buffer description information as unused for reference. ### Claim 16 (depends on 10) The decoder of claim 10, wherein the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform operations further comprising: determining whether the reference picture identified by the reference picture identifier is one of missing or non-existing; and responsive to determining the reference picture identified by the reference picture identifier is one of missing or non-existing, generating a non-existing picture with parameters set to parameters of the reference picture identified by the reference picture identifier. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The decoder of claim 16, wherein in generating the non-existing picture with parameters, the memory stores further instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor causes the decoder to perform operations comprising at least one of: setting a picture order count (POC) of the non-existing picture to a POC of the reference picture; setting an additional_picture_id of the non-existing picture to an additional_picture_id of the reference picture; setting a temporal_id of the non-existing picture to a temporal_id of the reference picture; and marking the non-existing picture with a non-existing mark and a used for reference mark. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The decoder of claim 17, wherein marking any of the multiple reference pictures is performed prior to decoding said picture.