# US 2020/0287399 A9 · Battery management system for control of lithium power cells

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- Number: US 2020/0287399 A9
- Document ID: US20200287399A9
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A9
- Application number: 15/889,485
- Filed: 2018-02-06
- Published: 2020-09-10
- Earliest claimed: 2011-04-28
- Assignees: Zoll Circulation, Inc.
- Applicants: Zoll Circulation, Inc.
- Inventors: Orlando Banos; David Deam; Richard Smith
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20200287399A9

## CPC

- H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)}
- A61H 11/00: Belts, strips or combs for massage purposes
- A61H 31/00: Artificial respiration by a force applied to the chest; Heart stimulation, e.g. heart massage (applying electric currents by contact electrodes for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers, A61N1/36 {; teaching or training models, demonstration models for medical purposes G09B23/288})
- A61H 31/006: {Power driven}
- A61H 31/008: {Supine patient supports or bases, e.g. improving air-way access to the lungs}
- H01M 10/44: Methods for charging or discharging (circuits for charging H02J7/00)
- H01M 10/443: {in response to temperature}
- H02J 7/54: Passive balancing, e.g. using resistors or parallel MOSFETs
- H02J 7/61: against overcharge
- H02J 7/62: against overcurrent
- H02J 7/64: against overvoltage
- H02J 7/663: {using battery or load disconnect circuits (H02J9/002 takes precedence)}
- H02J 7/865: {Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply (H02J7/50 takes precedence)}
- H02J 7/92: with prioritisation of loads or sources
- A61H 2011/005: {with belt or strap expanding and contracting around an encircled body part}
- A61H 2201/1207: with electric or magnetic drive
- A61H 2201/1445: Overrunning clutches; One-way clutches
- A61H 2201/1463: Special speed variation means, i.e. speed reducer
- A61H 2201/50: Control means thereof
- A61H 2201/5012: using the internet
- A61H 2203/0456: Supine
- H01M 2010/4271: {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing}
- H01M 2220/30: Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
- H02J 7/65: against overtemperature
- H02J 7/70: characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J 2105/46: Medical devices, medical implants or life supporting devices
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- A61H: PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY (electrotherapy, magnetotherapy, radiation therapy or ultrasound therapy A61N)
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

An intelligent rechargeable battery pack having a battery management system for monitoring and controlling the charging and discharging of the battery pack is described. The battery management system includes primary and secondary protection circuits for monitoring the charging and discharging of the battery. Individual battery cells forming the battery pack are connected by a main bus to a connector for connection to a battery charger or a device to be powered, and the main bus may be interrupted by a switch controlled by the battery management system to prevent damage to the battery during charging or discharging of the battery.

## Claims

### Claim at position 1

1-27. (canceled)

### Claim 28

A system for powering a device, comprising:
a plurality of rechargeable cells, each rechargeable cell having a positive and a negative terminal, the plurality of rechargeable cells in series electrical communication with each other;
a connector for connecting the plurality of rechargeable cells to a charger or a device to be powered by the plurality of rechargeable cells;
a processor for monitoring an input related to the state of charge of each of the rechargeable cells,
a monitoring circuit, in electrical communication with the processor, the monitoring circuit monitoring the voltage of each of the plurality of rechargeable cells and providing a signal for each of the plurality of rechargeable cells to the processor, the signal representative of a level of voltage measured across the negative and positive terminals of each of the plurality of rechargeable cells, the monitoring circuit including a plurality of switches connecting each of the plurality of rechargeable cells to one of a plurality of bleeder circuits, each of the plurality of switches is individually responsive to an overvoltage signal from the processor directed to at least one of the plurality of switches to close the at least one of the plurality of switches to prevent overcharging of at least one of the plurality of rechargeable cells.

### Claim 29 (depends on 28)

The system of claim 28, wherein at least one of the plurality of switches is an n-FET.

### Claim 30 (depends on 29)

The system of claim 29, further comprising a boost circuit in electrical communication with the n-FET, the boost circuit configured to provide a pre-determined bias voltage to a gate of the at least one n-FET switch to drive the at least one n-FET switch to conduct a current.

### Claim 31 (depends on 28)

The system of claim 28, further comprising:
a temperature monitoring circuit for monitoring the temperature of the system and for providing a signal related to the temperature of the system to the processor; and wherein the processor receives and analyses the temperature signal to determine if the temperature of the system is within a pre-selected range of temperature, and if the temperature of the system is not within the pre-selected range of temperatures, the processor provides a signal to a power switch to disconnect the positive terminal of the cell connected to the positive connector of the system from the positive connector of the system.

### Claim 32 (depends on 28)

The system of claim 28, further comprising:
an isolation circuit in electrical communication with the processor, the isolation circuit configured to provide a connection signal to the processor indicating that the connector of the plurality of rechargeable cells is connected to a charger or device to be powered; and
wherein the processor responds to the connection signal by sending a signal to a power switch to close the power switch to provide a voltage across the positive and negative terminals of the plurality of rechargeable cells.

### Claim 33 (depends on 28)

The system of claim 28, further comprising:
a communication bus connecting the processor to the connector and to other components of the system, the communication bus configured to provide communication between the processor and the other components of the system, and to other systems, processors, networks or storage media external to the system.

### Claim 34 (depends on 28)

The system of claim 28, further comprising:
an indicator mounted on an exterior of the system, the indicator providing a visual indication of information related to the operation of the system.

### Claim 35 (depends on 34)

The system of claim 34, wherein the indicator is an LED light.

### Claim 36

An intelligent battery pack system, comprising:
a connector to engage a connector disposed in or on a device to be powered;
a plurality of rechargeable battery cells, each of the cells having a positive and a negative terminal, and each of the cells connected in series by a bus having a positive side connected to a positive terminal of the connector and a negative side connected to a negative terminal of the connector;
a processor for controlling the operation of a battery pack system;
a primary protection circuit in electrical communication with the processor, the primary protection circuit including:
a plurality of monitoring circuits in electrical communication, each one of the plurality of monitoring circuits for monitoring a parameter related to the state of charge of an individual one of the plurality of cells, and
a plurality of bleed circuits, each of the plurality of bleed circuits connected to an individual one of the cells to bleed the cells in response to the parameter for the cell monitored by the monitoring circuit connected to that cell to prevent an overcharge of the cell;
a secondary protection circuit for protection of the battery pack system from short circuits;
a state of charge monitoring circuit, including a sensor for determining an amount of current flowing through the bus, a state of charge processor in electrical communication with the sensor, a state of charge memory in electrical communication with the state of charge processor, the memory for storing information related to the battery cells and also to the amount of current flowing through the bus, wherein the state of charge processor, based on the information stored in the state of charge memory and input from the sensor determines the amount of current available from the battery; and
a communication bus in electrical communication with the connector, the processor, the primary protection circuit, the secondary protection circuit, and the state of charge monitoring circuit for providing for communications between the connector, the processor, the primary protection circuit, the secondary protection circuit, and the state of charge monitoring circuit.

### Claim 37 (depends on 36)

The intelligent battery pack system of claim 36, wherein the primary protection circuit includes a primary protection processor configured to monitor the charging and discharging of the cells.

### Claim 38 (depends on 36)

The intelligent battery pack system of claim 36, wherein the primary protection circuit includes a primary protection processor configured to control the charging and discharging of the cells.

### Claim 39 (depends on 36)

The intelligent battery pack system of claim 36, further comprising:
a temperature monitoring circuit to determine the temperature of the battery back, the temperature monitoring circuit communicating the temperature of the battery pack to the primary protection circuit; and
wherein the primary protection circuit is configured to send a signal to a power switch to open the power switch if the temperature of the battery pack is not within a pre-selected range of temperature values.

### Claim 40 (depends on 36)

The intelligent battery pack system of claim 36, further comprising:
a battery pack isolation circuit in electrical communication with the processor, the battery isolation circuit configured to provide a connection signal to the processor indicating that the connector of the battery pack is connected to a battery charger or device to be powered; and
wherein the processor responds to the connection signal by sending a signal to a power switch to close the power switch to provide a voltage across the positive and negative terminals of the connector.