Electrochromic device based on three-dimensional motion of lithium ions and application thereof

A method for controlling an electrochromic device based on three-dimensional motion of lithium ions, comprising the following steps:

• S1:
• applying an initialization voltage between an upper transparent electrode layer and a lower transparent electrode layer, and implanting lithium ions into a discoloration layer from an electrolyte layer, such that the discoloration layer is uniformly colored, light transmittance of the discoloration layer is lowered, and the discoloration layer is in an initialized state;
• S2:
• removing the initialization voltage, applying a transverse operating voltage between two ends of a transparent electrode layer which is adjacent to the discoloration layer, and migrating the lithium ions in the discoloration layer, such that light transmittance of a part of area of the discoloration layer is increased, and this part of area is in a discolored state, while light transmittance of the other part of area is lowered, and this part of area is in a deeply colored state;
• and
• S3:
• removing the transverse operating voltage, and diffusing lithium ions in the discoloration layer from an area in a deeply colored state to an area in a discolored state, such that the discoloration layer restores to a uniformly colored state.