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US 2020/0255346 A1Published application
Open vessels and their use
AssigneeBASF SE
InventorsBenedikt KALO, William DALOZ, Martin Lawrence PANCHULA
Life of this patent
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Abstract
Vessels selected from crucibles, pans, open cups and saggars essentially comprising of two components, from which (A) one component being a ceramic matrix composite, and (B) the second component being from metal or alloy, and wherein component (A) is the inner one.
Claims15
1:
- A vessel, selected from the group consisting of a crucible, a pan, an open cup and a saggar and essentially comprising two components:
- (A) a ceramic matrix composite, and
- (B) a metal or alloy,
- wherein component (A) is an inner component with respect to component (B).
1 more element
2:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein the ceramic matrix composite comprises:
- fibers comprising silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, carbon fiber or combinations thereof, and
- a ceramic matrix comprising SiC, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, silica, mullite, cordierite, spinel or combinations thereof.
3:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein the ceramic matrix composite comprises:
- fibers comprising aluminum oxide, mullite or combinations thereof, and
- a ceramic matrix comprising aluminum oxide, silica, mullite, cordierite, spinel or combinations thereof.
4:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein component (A) has an average wall thickness in a range of from 0.5 to 5 mm.
5:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein component (A) has a square-shaped base.
6:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein of components (A) and (B) have different shapes.
7:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein component (B) is made from an alloy with a thermal conductivity in a range of from 15 to 35 W/mK at 1000° C.
8:
- The vessel of claim 1, wherein component (B) is made from steel.
9:
- The vessel of claim 1, comprising an additional component (C) selected from graphite and molybdenum foils and from coatings.
10:
- A process for manufacturing the vessel of claim 1, the process comprising:
- (α) providing a green body of component (A),
- (β) providing component (B),
- (γ) optionally, pre-treating the green body of component (A) by vacuum treating, compressing or drying,
- (δ) firing the green body of component (A) or the pre-treated green body according to (γ), if applicable,
- (ε) contacting component (B) either with the green body of component (A) before (γ) or with the pre-treated green body according to (γ) or with component (A) after firing.
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11:
- The process of claim 10, wherein the green body of component (A) is made by arranging a fabric around a shaped body, wherein said fabric is made from ceramic fibers and soaked with a slurry of a ceramic material or its precursor.
12:
- The process of claim 10, wherein the green body of component (A) is made by winding a roving, tow, filament or yarn around a shaped body, wherein said roving, tow, filament or yarn is impregnated with a slurry of a ceramic material or its precursor.
13:
- A process for making an oxide material, said process comprising:
- (a) providing a mixture of at least two solid particulate materials, of which at least one is an oxide or hydroxide or carbonate,
- (b) moving said mixture in the vessel of claim 1, wherein the vessel is open, through an appliance in which said mixture is subjected to a heat treatment, thereby reacting the particulate materials with each other,
- (c) cooling the material resulting from (b).
1 more element
14:
- The process of claim 13, wherein the oxide material is a cathode active material for lithium ion batteries and is selected from the group consisting of a lithiated layered oxide, a lithiated spinel (NMO), an LiCoO2-coated layered nickel-cobalt-magnesium oxide and a lithiated nickel-cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA).
15:
- The process of claim 13, wherein the cooling (c) or a heating phase in (b) is performed at a rate in the range of from 1 to 50° C./min.