An electromagnetic reactor for radiating electromagnetic energy into a bulk volume of flowable or semi-flowable particles in motion within an operating screw conveyor, comprising:
- a screw conveyor housing apparatus for containing said electromagnetic (EM) energy radiated by at least one antenna, said housing has an interior cavity that acts as a process chamber for radiating EM energy to at least one substance residing in said bulk volume of particles in motion, said mixer housing apparatus having at least one inlet for said bulk volume of particles to enter said process chamber and at least one discharge for said bulk volume of particles to exit said process chamber;
- at least one support apparatus between said housing apparatus and earth, said support apparatus includes all structural supports between said housing and earth;
- at least one mechanical screw conveyor apparatus located inside said housing apparatus, said mechanical apparatus to cause movement of said bulk volume of particles from inlet to discharge, said mechanical apparatus comprising at least one shaft with at least one vane extending from said shaft, when said shaft is rotated said vane rotates and moves said bulk volume of particles, some portion of said shaft or said least one vane is constructed of a radome material transparent to electromagnetic energy to be radiated into said chamber, said shaft comprising at least one cavity for the placement of said at least one antenna;
- at least one signal generating circuitry connected to said at least one antenna to radiate said electromagnetic energy into process chamber, said energy apparatus comprising an electromagnetic source connected to said at least one antenna, said at least one signal generating circuitry comprising at least two or more items from the group consisting of:
- radio frequency (RF) signal generator, multi-frequency synthesizer, RF signal output control, RF wave generator, RF generator with Silicon Carbide (SiC) transistors, power amplifier, broadband power amplifier, directional coupler, impedance matching system, power supply, power meter, an oscillator, an inverter, a pulse synthesizer, a transformer, a low-to-high frequency converter, frequency tuning circuitry, said at least one antenna comprising at least one configuration from the group consisting of:
- monopole, dipole, tri-wave, Helmholz coil, Maxwell coil, Helicon coil, bulb, LED emitter, waveguide, and plasma antenna, said antenna comprising at least one material from the group consisting of:
- metallic or formed plasma, said antenna is located inside said cavity of said shaft, said antenna is connected to a source of electromagnetic energy with a circuit, said electromagnetic energy is radiated from said antenna through transparent shaft into said bulk volume of particles in said chamber, thereby heating or causing a biological or chemical reaction in said at least one substance residing in said bulk volume of particles, and defining a process chamber;
- at least one power apparatus to rotate said shaft and said vane, said power system comprising an electric motor and at least two bearings, said power apparatus supported by said housing or said support, or combination thereof, said electric motor applies mechanical rotation to said shaft;
- whereby by radiating an electric or magnetic field from said antenna through transparent portion of said shaft into said chamber while rotating said shaft and vane to move said bulk volume of particles from said incoming end to said discharging end of said chamber, said bulk volume of particles will receive electromagnetic energy.