Phage and transduction particles

120:

• An antibacterial composition comprising an engineered mobile genetic element (MGE) that is capable of being mobilized in a first bacterial host cell, wherein the host cell comprises a genome of a first phage, wherein in the host cell the MGE is mobilized using phage proteins of the first phage, wherein the MGE encodes an antibacterial agent or a component thereof, wherein the genome of the first phage comprises a deletion of one or more non-essential genes of a wildtype phage corresponding to the first phage, wherein the first phage is a lytic phage and in the presence of the first phage the mobilization of the MGE causes lysis of the host cell, wherein mobilization of the MGE comprises packaging of copies of the MGE into transduction particles that are capable of transferring the copies into target bacterial cells for antibacterial treatment of the target cells, wherein the antibacterial agent is a guided nuclease system, wherein the antibacterial agent is capable of recognizing and modifying DNA of the target cells.

121:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the genome of the first phage comprises a deletion of gene C compared to the wildtype phage.

122:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the genome of the first phage comprises a deletion of DNA between genes C and cox compared to the wildtype phage.

123:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the genome of the first phage comprises a deletion of gene C and DNA between genes C and cox compared to the wildtype phage.

124:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the genome of the first phage comprises a deletion of int gene compared to the wildtype phage.

125:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the genome of the first phage comprises a deletion of int and C genes, or a deletion of int and DNA between genes C and cox.

126:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the MGE is devoid of a functional integrase gene.

127:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 124, wherein the MGE is devoid of a functional integrase gene.

128:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the guided nuclease system is selected from a CRISPR/Cas system, a TALEN system, a meganuclease system and a zinc finger system.

129:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 128, wherein the guided nuclease system is a CRISPR/Cas system and the MGE encodes:
• (a) a CRISPR array encoding crRNA, or (b) a nucleic acid encoding a single guide RNA (sgRNA);
• wherein the crRNA or gRNA is operable with a Cas in a target bacterial cell, wherein the crRNA or gRNA guides the Cas to a target nucleic acid sequence in the target bacterial cell to modify the target nucleic acid sequence.

130:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 129, wherein the Cas is a Cas encoded by a functional endogenous nucleic acid of the target bacterial cell.

131:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 129, wherein the Cas is a Cas3, Cas9, Cas13, CasX, CasY or Cpf1.

132:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 128, wherein the guided nuclease system is a CRISPR/Cas system and the MGE encodes a Cas that is operable in a target bacterial cell to modify a target nucleic acid sequence comprised by the target bacterial cell.

133:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 128, wherein the guided nuclease system is a CRISPR/Cas system and the MGE encodes one or more of Cascade Cas.

134:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 133, wherein the MGE further encodes a Cas3 that is operable in a target bacterial cell with the one or more Cascade Cas.

135:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the MGE is a modified version of a MGE that is naturally found in bacterial cells of the species or strain of the host cell.

136:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein transcription of nucleic acid of the MGE is under the control of a constitutive promoter, for transcription of copies of nucleic acid encoding the antibacterial agent or component thereof in the host cell.

137:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the host cell is selected from Shigella, Escherichia coli, Serratia, Klebsiella, Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Staphylococcal, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Helicobacter and Salmonella cells.

138:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the target bacterial cells are selected from the group consisting of C. difficile, E. coli, Akkermansia, Enterobacteriacea, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Acintenobacter and Streptococcus cells.

139:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the target bacterial cells are comprised by a microbiota selected from the group consisting of gut microbiota, skin microbiota, oral cavity microbiota, throat microbiota, hair microbiota, armpit microbiota, vaginal microbiota, rectal microbiota, anal microbiota, ocular microbiota, nasal microbiota, tongue microbiota, lung microbiota, liver microbiota, kidney microbiota, genital microbiota, penile microbiota, scrotal microbiota, mammary gland microbiota, ear microbiota, urethra microbiota, labial microbiota, organ microbiota and dental microbiota.

140:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 139, wherein the target bacterial cells are E. coli cells.

141:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 139, wherein the target bacterial cells are Pseudomonas cells.

142:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the composition is capable of knocking-down Clostridium difficile or E. coli bacteria in a gut microbiota of a human or animal.

143:

• The antibacterial composition of claim 120, wherein the antibacterial agent is capable of recognizing and cutting DNA of the target cells.