Coding and decoding method and apparatus

A decoding method, comprising:

• receiving, by a receive end, second to-be-decoded information sent by a transmit end on a second channel, wherein a length of the second to-be-decoded information is 2M, and M is a positive integer;
• performing, by the receive end, polarization decoding on third to-be-decoded information when determining that first to-be-decoded information sent by the transmit end on a first channel is received, wherein the third to-be-decoded information is information obtained after the first to-be-decoded information and the second to-be-decoded information are combined, and a length of the first to-be-decoded information is M;
• and
• performing, by the receive end, polarization decoding on the second to-be-decoded information when determining that the first to-be-decoded information is not received.

A coding apparatus, comprising:

• a first coding module, configured to perform polarization coding on first to-be-coded information, to obtain first coded information with a bit sequence length of M, wherein M is a positive integer;
• a first sending module, configured to send the first coded information on a first channel corresponding to the first to-be-coded information;
• a second coding module, configured to perform polarization coding on second to-be-coded information, to obtain second coded information with a bit sequence length of 2M, wherein the second to-be-coded information comprises the first to-be-coded information, and differences between sequence numbers of information bits corresponding to the first to-be-coded information and sequence numbers of information bits at (M+1)th to 2Mth bit positions in information bits corresponding to the second to-be-coded information are sequentially M in ascending order of sequence numbers;
• and
• a second sending module, configured to send the second coded information on a second channel corresponding to the second to-be-coded information.