Control of surface properties by deposition of particle monolayers

A method comprising:

• functionalizing a surface with a monolayer of a first functional group by contacting a first fluid to the surface;
• removing an excess quantity of the first fluid once the monolayer of the first functional group is formed on the surface;
• functionalizing a first plurality of particles with a second functional group by contacting a second fluid to the first plurality of particles, the second functional group chosen so as to attach to the first functional group;
• removing an excess quantity of the second fluid once the second functional group has functionalized the first plurality of particles;
• forming a single monolayer of particles on the surface, by contacting the functionalized first plurality of particles to the functionalized surface and attaching the first functional group to the second functional group;
• self-saturating the single monolayer of particles, thus preventing additional particles of the functionalized first plurality of particles from attaching to the single monolayer of particles,
• wherein:
• the particles of the first plurality of particles have lateral dimensions less than 100 micrometers.