Small molecule ampk activators

A compound of Formula I:

• wherein:
• X is C0-3 alkyl, —(CH2)2—NH—(CH2)2—, —NH—CH2—, —O—CH2—, —O—(CH2)2—, —(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—, or —(CH2)—C(NH2)—(CH2)a—;
• Z is C1-2 alkyl, —(CH2)—NH—(CH2)—, —(CH2)—O—(CH2)—, or —(CH2)a—C(NH2)—(CH2)—;
• a is 0 or 1;
• at least one of R1 and R2 is —(CHRA)b—Y, wherein each RA is independently H, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
• and b is 0 or an integer of 1-3;
• the remaining one of R1 and R2 is —(CH2)c—Y or selected from the group consisting of H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl;
• and c is 0 or an integer of 1-3;
• and
• each Y is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl;
• or
• R1 and R2, together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring;
• R3 is an alkyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group, wherein each alkyl, carbocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group is optionally substituted by one or more
• wherein
• A is C═O, SO, SO2, or —(C(RB)2)d—, wherein each RB is independently selected from H, D, halogen, OH, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, and substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy;
• d is 0 or an integer of 1-3;
• and
• B is selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclyl, and substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl;
• or a stereoisomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof.