Liquid Ejection Head Including Vibrating Film and Piezoelectric Film Deflecting Toward Pressure Chambers

A liquid ejection head comprising:

• a plurality of nozzles;
• a channel member comprising a plurality of pressure chambers each in communication with a corresponding one of the plurality of nozzles;
• and
• a plurality of piezoelectric elements each provided for a corresponding one of the plurality of pressure chambers, each of the plurality of piezoelectric elements comprising:
• a vibrating film covering the corresponding pressure chamber;
• a piezoelectric film positioned opposite to the corresponding pressure chamber with respect to the vibrating film;
• a first electrode interposed between the vibrating film and the piezoelectric film;
• and
• a second electrode positioned opposite to the vibrating film with respect to the piezoelectric film, wherein the vibrating film, the piezoelectric film, the first electrode, and the second electrode vertically overlap the corresponding pressure chamber,
• wherein the second electrode has compressive stress,
• wherein the piezoelectric film has a ratio of (001) orientation to (100) orientation that is equal to or greater than 50%, and
• wherein the vibrating film and the piezoelectric film are deflected convexly toward the corresponding pressure chamber while no potential difference is being produced between the first electrode and the second electrode.