Near-adiabatic engine

A near-adiabatic cycle heat engine, comprising:

• a piston chamber;
• a power piston movable within the piston chamber for running on working fluid fed by a high pressure state receivable from a heating exchanger;
• a power piston movable within the piston chamber (also called the working chamber);
• said power piston forcing said working fluid in and out of said working chamber;
• said power piston connects to the connecting rod, driveshaft, to the flywheel;
• and
• with sufficient rotational inertia balances the forces being used to fill the expansion volume and empty the pump volume;
• comprising:
• a means of batching and isolating, through an inlet valve, a bolus of working fluid in said piston chamber, isolating said working fluid for near-adiabatic expansion;
• a means of cooling said expanded working fluid in said piston chamber after the near complete expansion movement of said power piston, cooling receivable from cooled fluid released from the cooling exchanger;
• a means of separating a portion of said working fluid from said piston chamber and near-isothermally cooling that said fluid by compressing that portion at a near constant low temperature into a cooling exchanger;
• a means of containing said pressurized fluid in said cooling exchanger until said near-isothermally compressed fluid is released into the working chamber when said power piston nears completion of its sequential expansion stroke;
• a means of removing heat energy from said sequential expanded working fluid in the working chamber, occurring when said cooled fluid in said cooling exchanger is released into the said piston chamber;
• a cycling means, comprising:
• a means, during the compression of said cooled fluid, of separating the near-isothermal and near-adiabatic portions of the compressed fluid according to the ratio differential of their respective densities with the portion pressed near-isothermally into the cooling exchanger removing its heat while a portion is pressed near adiabatically directly into said pump volume (which is an extension of the working chamber volume) before said pumping action occurs;
• a means, during said compression of said cooled fluid in said working chamber, in which the portion of said fluid that is not pressed into the cooling exchanger remains in said working chamber and is near adiabatically pressed directly into the pump volume (which is an extension of the working chamber) before the pumping action occurs;
• and
• a means that, after the nearly isothermal and near-adiabatic portions of the fluid in the working chamber are compressed, the quantity of fluid compressed into the pump volume is equal to the quantity of fluid that was initially injected as a bolus at TDC into the engine from the heat exchanger at beginning the cycle;