Method of extending cycle-life of a lithium-sulfur battery

A method of improving a cycle-life of a rechargeable alkali metal-sulfur cell, said method comprising implementing an anode-protecting layer between an anode active material layer and a porous separator/electrolyte, and/or implementing a cathode-protecting layer between a cathode active material and said porous separator/electrolyte, wherein said anode-protecting layer or cathode-protecting layer comprises a conductive sulfonated elastomer composite having from 0.01% to 40% by weight of a conductive reinforcement material and from 0.01% to 40% by weight of an electrochemically stable inorganic filler dispersed in a sulfonated elastomeric matrix material and said layer of conductive sulfonated elastomer composite has a thickness from 1 nm to 100 μm, a fully recoverable tensile strain from 2% to 500%, a lithium ion conductivity from 10−7 S/cm to 5×10−2 S/cm, and an electrical conductivity from 10−7 S/cm to 100 S/cm when measured at room temperature and wherein said inorganic filler has a lithium intercalation potential from 1.1 V to 4.5 V versus Li/Li+ and is selected from an oxide, carbide, boride, nitride, sulfide, phosphide, or selenide of a transition metal, a lithiated version thereof, or a combination thereof.