Radiation inspection system and radiation inspection method

A radiation inspection system, comprising:

• a radiation source for emitting an initial beam and a beam modulating device for modulating the initial beam into a scanning beam, wherein the beam modulating device comprises a first collimating structure disposed at a beam exit side of the radiation source and a second collimating structure disposed at a beam exit side of the first collimating structure, the first collimating structure comprises a first collimating port, the second collimating structure comprises a second collimating port, the second collimating structure is movable relative to the first collimating structure to change a relative position of the first collimating port with the second collimating port, wherein the beam modulating device is shifted between a first operational state in which the beam modulating device modulates the initial beam into a fan beam, and a second operational state in which the beam modulating device modulates the initial beam into a pencil beam variable in position.