Force Cell to Provide Propellant-Less Propulsion for Linear Thrust Applications and Fuel-Less Torque for Rotary Applications Using External Casimir Forces

A force cell comprising:

• a) a first non-conducting matrix layer having a thickness defined by a top surface and a bottom surface:
• b) wherein said first matrix layer comprises a plurality of grooves beginning at said top surface and extending a distance into said first matrix layer to a depth, and said plurality of grooves extending across at least a portion of said top surface;
• c) wherein each of said grooves of said first matrix layer comprise a descending surface extending from an apex proximate to said top surface of said first matrix layer, terminating at a low point, and an ascending surface extending from where said descending surface terminates to a next apex of said first matrix layer;
• d) a first conducting layer having a thickness defined by a top surface and a bottom surface, said top surface of said first conducting layer being in contact with said bottom surface of said first matrix layer;
• e) a conducting coating on at least a portion of each said descending surface of each said groove of said first matrix layer beginning at its apex;
• f) a second non-conducting matrix layer having a thickness defined by a top surface and a bottom surface;
• g) wherein said second matrix layer comprises a plurality of grooves beginning at its top surface and extending into said second matrix layer to a depth, and extending across at least a portion of its top surface;
• h) wherein each of said grooves of said second matrix layer comprise a descending surface extending from an apex proximate to said top surface of said second matrix layer, terminating at a low point, and an ascending surface extending from where said descending surface terminates, to a next apex of said second matrix layer;
• i) a second conducting layer having a thickness defined by a top surface and a bottom surface, said top surface of said second conducting layer being in contact with said bottom surface of said second matrix layer;
• j) a conducting coating on at least a portion of each said descending surface of each said groove of said second matrix layer, beginning at a respective said apex of said second matrix layer;
• k) wherein at least a portion of each said conducting coating on said descending surface of said groove of said second matrix layer contacts said bottom surface of said first conducting layer
• l) wherein each said coated descending surface of said second matrix layer and said conducting layer for said first matrix layer create wedges;
• m) wherein each said coated descending surface for each of said first and second matrix layers create a first Casimir force perpendicular to said descending surface, and wherein each of said first and second conducting layers create a second Casimir force perpendicular to said bottom surface of each said conducting layer;
• and
• n) wherein said first and second Casimir forces combine to provide a net force.