# US 2019/0379059 A1 · Systems and methods for ptni nanocages

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 2019/0379059 A1
- Document ID: US20190379059A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 16/006,671
- Filed: 2018-06-12
- Published: 2019-12-12
- Earliest claimed: 2018-06-12
- Assignees: Uchicago Argonne, LLC
- Applicants: Uchicago Argonne, LLC
- Inventors: Vojislav Stamenkovic; Gregory K. Krumdick; Rongyue Wang; Nenad Markovic; Krzysztof Pupek; Trevor L. Dzwiniel
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190379059A1

## CPC

- H01M 4/921: {Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements}
- H01M 4/926: {on carbon or graphite}
- H01M 4/9041: {Metals or alloys (H01M4/92 takes precedence)}
- H01M 4/9083: {on carbon or graphite}
- H01M 4/9091: {Unsupported catalytic particles; loose particulate catalytic materials, e.g. in fluidised state}
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- B82Y 40/00: Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
- Y02E 60/50: Fuel cells
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A method for synthesis of PtNi nanocages by synthesizing Pt1Ni6 nanoparticles and acid leaching to form PtNi nanocages. The acid leaching removes nickel selectively from the core of the nanoparticle.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of synthesizing PtNi nanocage catalyst comprising the steps of:
synthesizing Pt1Ni6 nanoparticles having a Pt shell and a Ni core by:
mixing a nickel precursor, a surfactant, a platinum precursor, and a polar solvent at a temperature of at least 230° C. forming a Pt1Ni6 nanoparticle solution;
acid leaching the Pt1Ni6 nanoparticles by:
mixing an acid with the Pt1Ni6 nanoparticle a temperature above 80° C.;
removing Ni from the nanoparticles to form nanocages; and
collecting the nanocages.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the nickel precursor is Nickel acetylacetonate and the mixing proceeds for at least 30 minutes.

### Claim 3 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the surfactant comprises oleic acid and oleylamine.

### Claim 4 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the platinum precursor comprises Pt (II) acetylacetaonate, and the polar solvent comprises 1,2,-dichlorobenzene.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method of claim 4, wherein the polar solvent is selected from the group consisting of diphenyl ether, dibenzyl ether, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is carbon.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the acid is acetic acid.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein prior to acid leaching the Pt1Nib nanoparticles are loaded onto a substrate.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising annealing the nanocages, forming PtxNiy nanocages where x:y is between 1:2 and 3:1.

### Claim 10

A method of synthesizing PtNi nanocage catalyst comprising the steps of:
synthesizing Pt1Ni6 nanoparticles having a Pt shell and a Ni core by:
mixing a nickel precursor, a surfactant, a platinum precursor, and a polar solvent to form a reaction solution, the ratio of nickel precursor to platinum precursor being 10:90 to 40:60;
holding the solution at a temperature of at least at a temperature of at least 110° C. to remove dissolved oxygen;
heating the solution to at least 230° C. for at least 30 minutes and forming a Pt1Ni6 nanoparticle solution;
acid leaching the Pt1Ni6 nanoparticles by:
mixing an acid with the Pt1Ni6 nanoparticle solution at temperature above 80° C.;
removing Ni from the nanoparticles to form nanocages; and
collecting the nanocages.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the nickel precursor is Nickel acetylacetonate and the mixing proceeds for at least 30 minutes.

### Claim 12 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the solution is heated to between 230° C. and 245° C.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11, wherein the surfactant comprises oleic acid and oleylamine.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The method of claim 12, wherein the platinum precursor comprises Pt (II) acetylacetaonate, and the polar solvent comprises 1,2,-dichlorobenzene.

### Claim 15 (depends on 13)

The method of claim 13, wherein the polar solvent is selected from the group consisting of diphenyl ether, dibenzyl ether, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 16 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the substrate is carbon.

### Claim 17 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein the acid is acetic acid.

### Claim 18 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, wherein prior to acid leaching the Pt1Ni6 nanoparticles are loaded onto a substrate.

### Claim 19 (depends on 10)

The method of claim 10, further comprising annealing the nanocages, forming PtxNiy nanocages where x:y is between 1:2 and 3:1.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The method of claim 19, wherein the annealing is 180° C. and 300° C. and annealing time is between 1 h and 24 hours.