# US 2019/0375971 A1 · Heat-transfer fluid for a centrifugal compressor

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- Number: US 2019/0375971 A1
- Document ID: US20190375971A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 16/545,239
- Filed: 2019-08-20
- Published: 2019-12-12
- Earliest claimed: 2010-03-02
- Assignees: Arkema France
- Applicants: Arkema France
- Inventors: Wissam Rached
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190375971A1

## CPC

- C09K 5/045: {containing only fluorine as halogen}
- F25B 1/053: of turbine type
- F25B 31/026: {with compressor of rotary type}
- F25B 45/00: Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
- C09K 2205/122: Halogenated hydrocarbons
- C09K 2205/126: Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
- C09K 2205/22: All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
- C09K 2205/40: Replacement mixtures
- F25B 2400/07: Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B 2400/121: using R1234
- C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- F25B: REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS

## Abstract

A process for cooling or heating a fluid or a body by means of a vapour compression circuit including a centrifugal compressor and containing a heat-transfer fluid, the heat-transfer fluid including at least two compounds selected from 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1-difluoroethane and 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, in which: the ratio of the Mach number of the centrifugal compressor to the Mach number which the centrifugal compressor has under the same operating conditions if the heat-transfer fluid is replaced with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapour compression circuit is greater than or equal to 0.97 and less than or equal to 1.03; the compression ratio of the centrifugal compressor is less than or equal to the compression ratio which the centrifugal compressor has under the same operating conditions if the heat-transfer fluid is replaced with 1,1,12-tetrafluorethane in the vapour compression circuit.

## Claims

### Claim 1

(canceled)

### Claim 2

A composition comprising:
from 5% to 90% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 5% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, comprising:
from 10% to 75% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 20% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, comprising:
from 10% to 66% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 50% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 30% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 5 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, comprising:
from 10% to 85% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 10% to 70% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 6 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, comprising:
from 10% to 60% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 50% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 20% to 60% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 7 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, consisting of:
from 5% to 90% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 5% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 8 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, consisting of:
from 10% to 75% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 20% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 9 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, consisting of:
from 10% to 66% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 50% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 30% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 10 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, consisting of:
from 10% to 85% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 10% to 70% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 11 (depends on 2)

The composition of claim 2, consisting of:
from 10% to 60% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 50% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 20% to 60% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 12 (depends on 2)

A heat transfer composition comprising:
the composition of claim 2; and
one or more additives chosen from lubricants, stabilizers, surfactants, tracers, fluorescent agents, odorous agents, solubilization agents and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 13 (depends on 7)

A heat transfer composition comprising:
the composition of claim 7; and
one or more additives chosen from lubricants, stabilizers, surfactants, tracers, fluorescent agents, odorous agents, solubilization agents and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 14 (depends on 2)

An installation for cooling or heating a fluid or a body comprising a vapor compression circuit comprising a centrifugal compressor and containing the composition of claim 2, wherein:
the ratio of the Mach number of the centrifugal compressor to the Mach number that the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, when the heat transfer fluid is replaced by 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapor compression circuit, is greater than or equal to 0.97 and less than or equal to 1.03;
the compression ratio of the centrifugal compressor is less than or equal to the compression ratio that the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, when the heat transfer fluid is replaced by 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapor compression circuit; and
the centrifugal compressor is devoid of rotational speed adaptation means.

### Claim 15 (depends on 14)

The installation of claim 14, wherein the composition consists of:
from 5% to 90% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 5% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 16 (depends on 14)

The installation of claim 14, wherein the vapor compression circuit comprises an evaporator and a condenser, and wherein:
a difference between the pressure at the condenser and the pressure at the evaporator in the final vapor compression circuit containing said substitute heat transfer fluid is less than or equal to the difference between the pressure at the condenser and the pressure at the evaporator in the vapor compression circuit containing said 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, under the same operating conditions.

### Claim 17 (depends on 2)

An installation for cooling or heating a fluid or a body comprising a vapor compression circuit comprising a centrifugal compressor and containing the composition of claim 2,
wherein:
the ratio of the Mach number of the centrifugal compressor to the Mach number that the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, when the heat transfer fluid is replaced by 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapor compression circuit, is greater than or equal to 0.97 and less than or equal to 1.03; and
the compression ratio of the centrifugal compressor is less than or equal to the compression ratio that the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, when the heat transfer fluid is replaced by 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapor compression circuit.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The installation of claim 17, wherein the composition consists of:
from 5% to 90% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 5% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The installation of claim 17, wherein the vapor compression circuit comprises an evaporator and a condenser, and wherein:
a difference between the pressure at the condenser and the pressure at the evaporator in the final vapor compression circuit containing said substitute heat transfer fluid is less than or equal to the difference between the pressure at the condenser and the pressure at the evaporator in the vapor compression circuit containing said 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, under the same operating conditions.

### Claim 20 (depends on 2)

An installation for cooling or heating a fluid or a body comprising a vapor compression circuit comprising a centrifugal compressor and containing the composition of claim 2, wherein:
the ratio of the Mach number of the centrifugal compressor to the Mach number that the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, when the heat transfer fluid is replaced by 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapor compression circuit, is greater than or equal to 0.97 and less than or equal to 1.03;
the compression ratio of the centrifugal compressor is less than or equal to the compression ratio that the centrifugal compressor has, under the same operating conditions, when the heat transfer fluid is replaced by 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane in the vapor compression circuit;
the centrifugal compressor is provided with rotational speed adaptation means; and
a rotational speed of the centrifugal compressor in the vapor compression circuit containing said substitute heat transfer fluid is adjusted to a value less than or equal to the rotational speed of the centrifugal compressor in the vapor compression circuit containing said 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, under the same operating conditions.

### Claim 21 (depends on 20)

The installation of claim 20, wherein the composition consists of:
from 5% to 90% of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene;
from 5% to 60% of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; and
from 5% to 80% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.

### Claim 22 (depends on 20)

The installation of claim 20, wherein the vapor compression circuit comprises an evaporator and a condenser, and wherein:
a difference between the pressure at the condenser and the pressure at the evaporator in the final vapor compression circuit containing said substitute heat transfer fluid is less than or equal to the difference between the pressure at the condenser and the pressure at the evaporator in the vapor compression circuit containing said 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, under the same operating conditions.