# US 2019/0356677 A1 · Malicious wireless safety message detection using an angle of arrival

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- Number: US 2019/0356677 A1
- Document ID: US20190356677A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 15/983,807
- Filed: 2018-05-18
- Published: 2019-11-21
- Earliest claimed: 2018-05-18
- Assignees: GM Global Technology Operations LLC
- Applicants: GM Global Technology Operations LLC
- Inventors: Mohammad Naserian; Donald K. Grimm; Allan K. Lewis
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190356677A1

## CPC

- H04L 63/1408: {by monitoring network traffic (monitoring network traffic per se H04L43/00)}
- G01S 3/14: Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction {(aerial arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q3/00; combinations of different interacting aerial units for giving a desired directional characteristic H01Q21/29; aerials or aerial systems providing at least two radiation patterns H01Q25/00)}
- G01S 5/0045: {Transmission from base station to mobile station (G01S5/009 takes precedence)}
- G01S 5/0072: {Transmission between mobile stations, e.g. anti-collision systems}
- G01S 5/0215: {Interference}
- H04W 4/023: {using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds}
- H04W 4/40: for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
- H04W 12/10: Integrity
- H04W 12/12: Detection or prevention of fraud
- H04W 24/08: Testing, {supervising or monitoring} using real traffic
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72)

## Abstract

Embodiments include methods, systems and computer readable storage medium for determining receipt of a malicious message by a vehicle. The method includes receiving, by a processor, a message and determining, by the processor, a message type associated with the message. The method includes calculating, by the processor, an angle of arrival (AoA) for the message, wherein the AoA is an angle of receipt for the message. The method includes comparing, by the processor, the AoA to a message angle, wherein the message angle is an expected angle of receipt or angle range for the message based on the message type. The method includes flagging, by the processor, the message as being malicious in response to the comparison indicating that the AoA is not equivalent to or within a predetermined tolerance of the message angle. The method includes suppressing, by the processor, a notification or warning associated with the flagged message.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for determining receipt of a malicious message by a vehicle, the method comprising:
receiving, by a processor, a message;
determining, by the processor, a message type associated with the message;
calculating, by the processor, an angle of arrival (AoA) for the message, wherein the AoA is an angle of receipt for the message;
comparing, by the processor, the AoA to a message angle, wherein the message angle is an expected angle of receipt or angle range for the message based on the message type;
flagging, by the processor, the message as being malicious in response to the comparison indicating that the AoA is not equivalent to or within a predetermined tolerance of the message angle; and
suppressing, by the processor, a notification or warning associated with the flagged message.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, further comprising reporting the flagged message to a monitoring system.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the calculation of the AoA uses a physical layer of a wireless communications channel.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein a direction of a strongest signal received at an antenna associated with a vehicle receiving the message is used to estimate an angle of receipt for the message.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the message angle varies based on the message type associated with the message.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein suppressing the notification or warning associated with the flagged message comprises preventing the notification or warning to be presented to a driver.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein suppressing the notification or warning associated with the flagged message comprises causing an autonomous vehicle to ignore the notification or warning.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the received message is a wireless safety message.

### Claim 9

A system for determining receipt of a malicious message by a vehicle, the system comprising:
one or more vehicles, wherein each vehicle comprises:
a memory; and
one or more processors coupled to the memory, wherein the one or more processors are operable to:
receive a message;
determine a message type associated with the message;
calculate an angle of arrival (AoA) for the message, wherein the AoA is an angle of receipt for the message;
compare the AoA to a message angle, wherein the message angle is an expected angle of receipt or angle range for the message based on the message type;
flag the message as being malicious in response to the comparison indicating that the AoA is not equivalent to or within a predetermined tolerance of the message angle; and
suppress a notification or warning associated with the flagged message.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, further comprising reporting the flagged message to a monitoring system.

### Claim 11 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the calculation of the AoA uses a physical layer of a wireless communications channel.

### Claim 12 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein a direction of a strongest signal received at an antenna associated with a vehicle receiving the message is used to estimate an angle of receipt for the message.

### Claim 13 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the message angle varies based on the message type associated with the message.

### Claim 14 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein suppressing the notification or warning associated with the flagged message comprises preventing the notification or warning to be presented to a driver.

### Claim 15 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein suppressing the notification or warning associated with the flagged message comprises causing an autonomous vehicle to ignore the notification or warning.

### Claim 16 (depends on 9)

The system of claim 9, wherein the received message is a wireless safety message.

### Claim 17

A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith, the program instructions readable by a processor to cause the processor to perform a method for determining receipt of a malicious message by a vehicle comprising:
receiving a message;
determining a message type associated with the message;
calculating an angle of arrival (AoA) for the message, wherein the AoA is an angle of receipt for the message;
comparing the AoA to a message angle, wherein the message angle is an expected angle of receipt or angle range for the message based on the message type;
flagging the message as being malicious in response to the comparison indicating that the AoA is not equivalent to or within a predetermined tolerance of the message angle; and
suppressing a notification or warning associated with the flagged message.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The computer readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein the calculation of the AoA uses a physical layer of a wireless communications channel.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The computer readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein suppressing the notification or warning associated with the flagged message comprises preventing the notification or warning to be presented to a driver.

### Claim 20 (depends on 17)

The computer readable storage medium of claim 17, wherein suppressing the notification or warning associated with the flagged message comprises causing an autonomous vehicle to ignore the notification or warning.