An ambient air purification device for a road vehicle, wherein the ambient air purification device is configured to remove dust, particulate matter, and/or gases from ambient air, wherein the ambient air purification device comprises one or more filter elements, wherein the ambient air purification device is configured to attach in an external region to a vehicle rear of the road vehicle by a releasable coupling, wherein the ambient air purification device comprises at least one mating coupling of the releasable coupling, wherein the at least one mating coupling is configured to couple to a vehicle-side coupling component of the releasable coupling.