# US 2019/0320523 A1 · Compact linear accelerator with accelerating waveguide

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- Number: US 2019/0320523 A1
- Document ID: US20190320523A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 16/276,323
- Filed: 2019-02-14
- Published: 2019-10-17
- Earliest claimed: 2017-03-24
- Assignees: RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC
- Applicants: RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC
- Inventors: Ronald Agustsson; Robert Berry; Salime Boucher; Josiah Hartzell; Sergey Kutsaev; Jacob McNevin; Avinash Verma
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190320523A1

## CPC

- H05H 9/02: Travelling-wave linear accelerators {(travelling-wave tubes H01J25/34)}
- A61N 5/1045: {using a multi-leaf collimator, e.g. for intensity modulated radiation therapy or IMRT}
- G21K 1/046: {varying the contour of the field, e.g. multileaf collimators}
- H05H 9/04: Standing-wave linear accelerators
- H05H 9/048: {Lepton LINACS}
- G21K 1/02: using diaphragms, collimators
- H05H: PLASMA TECHNIQUE (apparatus or processes specially adapted for producing X-rays H05G2/00); PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- A61N: ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY (measurement of bioelectric currents A61B; surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body A61B18/00; anaesthetic apparatus in general A61M; incandescent lamps H01K; infrared radiators for heating H05B)
- G21K: HANDLING OF PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES

## Abstract

A linear accelerator head for use in a medical radiation therapy system can include a housing, an electron generator configured to emit electrons along a beam path, and a microwave generation assembly. The linear accelerator head may include a waveguide that is configured to contain a standing or travelling microwave. The waveguide can include a plurality of cells that are disposed adjacent one another, wherein each of the plurality of cells may define an aperture configured to receive electrons therethrough. The linear accelerator head can further include a converter and a primary collimator.

## Claims

### Claim at position 1

1-14. (canceled)

### Claim 15

A method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head, the method comprising:
assembling a waveguide comprising a plurality of cells, wherein each of the plurality of cells defines an aperture configured to receive electrons therethrough, the aperture of the plurality of cells having a diameter and defining a beam axis along a beam path, wherein assembling the plurality of cells comprises:
for each of a first plurality of cells, providing a first brazing alloy between two adjacent cell members; and
heating each of the first plurality of cells to a first brazing temperature;
providing an electron generator configured to emit electrons along the beam path;
providing a microwave generation assembly comprising:
a microwave generator configured to emit microwaves in a first direction along a primary wave path; and
an isolator configured to prevent microwaves from propagating in a second direction opposite the first direction along the primary wave path;
providing a cooling system in thermal communication with the waveguide;
providing a converter disposed within the electron beam path and configured to receive incident electrons, wherein the converter is configured to convert incident electrons into photons; and
providing a first collimator configured to define a beam shape, wherein the first collimator comprises an input aperture and an output aperture.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, wherein assembling the plurality of cells comprises, for each of the first plurality of cells, machining a cavity into a portion of each of the two adjacent cell members.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, wherein the first brazing alloy comprises between about 50% and about 90% copper by weight.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, wherein the first brazing alloy comprises between about 10% and about 50% gold by weight.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, wherein the first brazing temperature is between about 900° C. and about 1100° C.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, wherein assembling the plurality of cells comprises:
for each of a second plurality of cells, providing a second brazing alloy between two adjacent cell members; and
heating each of a second plurality of cells to a second brazing temperature.

### Claim 21

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of 20, wherein assembling the plurality of cells comprises, for each of the first plurality of cells, machining a cavity into a portion of each of the two adjacent cell members.

### Claim 22 (depends on 20)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 20, wherein the second brazing alloy comprises between about 35% and about 75% copper by weight.

### Claim 23 (depends on 20)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 20, wherein the second brazing alloy comprises between about 25% and about 65% gold by weight.

### Claim 24 (depends on 20)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 20, wherein the second brazing alloy comprises a lower percentage by weight of copper than the first brazing alloy.

### Claim 25 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, wherein providing the cooling system in thermal communication with the waveguide comprises:
providing a third brazing alloy between the waveguide and a cooling plate, the cooling plate comprising a channel configured to guide fluid therethrough; and
heating the waveguide and cooling plate to a third brazing temperature.

### Claim 26 (depends on 25)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 25, wherein the third brazing temperature is between about 700° C. and about 1000° C.

### Claim 27 (depends on 25)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 25, wherein the third brazing alloy comprises between about 10% and about 50% copper by weight.

### Claim 28 (depends on 25)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 25, wherein the third brazing alloy comprises between about 50% and about 10% gold by weight.

### Claim 29 (depends on 25)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 25, wherein the third brazing alloy comprises a lower percentage by weight of copper than the first brazing alloy.

### Claim 30 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, further comprising dipping the first plurality of cells into a solvent configured to dissolve oil.

### Claim 31 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, further comprising propagating sound waves at ultrasound frequency at the first plurality of cells.

### Claim 32 (depends on 15)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 15, further comprising dipping the first plurality of cells into an etching solution configured to remove at least a layer of copper.

### Claim 33 (depends on 32)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 32, wherein dipping the first plurality of cells into the etching solution comprises dipping the first plurality of cells into the etching solution for a total time of at least fifteen seconds.

### Claim 34 (depends on 32)

The method of manufacturing a linear accelerator head of claim 32, wherein the etching solution comprises phosphoric acid.