# US 2019/0319342 A1 · Super directive array of volumetric antenna elements for wireless device applications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0319342 A1 - Document ID: US20190319342A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/161,177 - Filed: 2018-10-16 - Published: 2019-10-17 - Earliest claimed: 2016-11-29 - Assignees: AMI Research & Development, LLC - Applicants: AMI Research & Development, LLC - Inventors: John T. Apostolos; William Mouyos - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190319342A1 ## CPC - H01Q 1/245: {with means for shaping the antenna pattern, e.g. in order to protect user against rf exposure} - H01Q 1/2291: {used in Bluetooth® or Wi-Fi® devices of Wireless Local Area Networks [WLAN] (H01Q1/241 takes precedence; WLAN in general H04W)} - H01Q 1/243: {with built-in antennas} - H01Q 1/36: Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; {Particular materials used therewith}(H01Q1/08, H01Q1/14 take precedence) - H01Q 5/48: Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas - H01Q 19/005: {Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements} - H01Q 21/08: the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path {(waveguide fed H01Q21/0037)} - H01Q 21/205: {providing an omnidirectional coverage (turnstile aerials H01Q21/26)} - H01Q 21/24: Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction {(circularly polarised patch antennas H01Q9/0428; circularly polarised horns H01Q13/0241; cross-polarised horns H01Q13/0258; polarisation converters H01Q15/242; cross-polarised rear feeds H01Q19/136; crossed polarisation dual antenna H01Q25/001)} - H01Q 21/245: {provided with means for varying the polarisation (polarising devices H01Q15/24; tracking by comparing linear polarisation compounds G01S3/146; reducing depolarisation effects H04B7/00; polarisation diversity H04B7/10)} - H01Q 21/26: Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre - H01Q 21/28: Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems {(multiple beam H01Q25/00)} - H01Q 25/00: Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns (arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q3/00) - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) ## Abstract Antenna arrays that use volumetric elements to provide directive radiation over multiple frequencies, multiple polarizations, and/or operate in modes that reduce unnecessary radiation into a nearby human body. The arrays are particularly adapted for use with handheld wireless devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and cellular phones. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A wireless communication apparatus comprising: a handheld, rectangular housing; and an array of volumetric antenna elements disposed on a substrate located within the housing. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the array further comprises a circular array of volumetric elements disposed on the substrate within the housing. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the volumetric elements each have a cylindrical shape. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the cylindrical elements are implemented as a pair of crossed dipole elements. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The apparatus of claim 3 wherein the cylindrical elements each comprise: four quadrant radiators, each radiator comprising a feedpoint, a conductive side section and a conductive top section; a first pair of the quadrant radiators positioned opposite one another along a major axis; a second pair of the quadrant radiators positioned opposite one another along the major axis; and a circuit for electrically combining the feedpoints of the quadrant radiators. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5 wherein signals coupled to the radiators are selectively combined to provide circular, horizontal, or vertical polarization. ### Claim 7 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2 wherein a second circular array is disposed on an opposite side of the substrate. ### Claim 8 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2 wherein the circular array includes a center driven element with parasitic elements on a circumference of the circular array. ### Claim 9 (depends on 5) The apparatus of claim 5 additionally comprising two or more capacitors connected between the quadrant radiators to control an array beam direction. ### Claim 10 (depends on 2) The apparatus of claim 2 additionally comprising a second, third, and fourth circular array; a common feed point; and four delay elements, with a delay element disposed between the common feedpont and each of the circular arrays. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the array further comprises a linear array of volumetric elements disposed on at least three sides of the housing. ### Claim 12 A wireless communication device comprising: a handheld housing; and an array of volumetric antenna elements disposed within the housing; a controller, for controlling a beam pattern of the array depending upon a detected spatial relationship among the device, a user, and a base station. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12 additionally comprising: a controller, connected to manipulate the beam pattern when the user is located between the device and the base station. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the controller operates the array in an omnidirectional mode when the device is located between the user and the base station. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The apparatus of claim 12 wherein the array is a circular array and the elements are selectively driven or parasitic. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The apparatus of claim 15 wherein a center element is driven and elements on either side are parasitic. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the elements each comprise at least a first conductive surface located on one edge of the housing and a second conductive surface located on one face of the housing; and the elements on either the side or the face are all parasitic.