# US 2019/0318643 A1 · Methods, Systems, Devices, and Software for Managing and Conveying Knowledge > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2019/0318643 A1 - Document ID: US20190318643A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 16/297,035 - Filed: 2019-03-08 - Published: 2019-10-17 - Earliest claimed: 2018-03-08 - Inventors: Erind Pajo - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20190318643A1 ## CPC - G09B 7/00: Electrically-operated teaching apparatus or devices working with questions and answers (mechanically operated G09B3/00; computing arrangements G06F) - G06F 16/36: Creation of semantic tools, e.g. ontology or thesauri - G06F 40/279: Recognition of textual entities - G06F 40/284: Lexical analysis, e.g. tokenisation or collocates - G06F 40/30: Semantic analysis - G09B 7/02: of the type wherein the student is expected to construct an answer to the question which is presented or wherein the machine gives an answer to the question presented by a student - G09B: EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS (devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times A61B5/16; games, sports, amusements A63; projectors, projector screens G03B) - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) ## Abstract The present invention manages knowledge through elementary knowledge units and systematized inventories of bodies of knowledge comprised of interrelated elementary knowledge units. Methods and systems of the present invention granulate articulations from sources into utterances that are semantically equivalent to elementary knowledge units, but that may be lexically inequivalent. These elementary knowledge unit outputs may be constellated to reflect compositional dynamics of a body of knowledge. A constellation of knowledge units may be updated based on updating the body of knowledge out of which they are granulated or by adding elementary knowledge units granulated from one or more sources. An individual source may be abstracted based on how it relates to the elementary knowledge units in a body of knowledge. Knowledge mastery may be imparted through one-at-a-time absorptions of elementary knowledge units. Knowledge mastery may be assessed and knowledge gaps may be discovered based on comparing articulations of such units and/or of constellations. Conveying knowledge and assessing mastery may be mediated through non-human identities of virtual teachers that appear to converse in natural language, through adaptation of verbalizations to learners, as well as through conversational frameworks. Individually as well as in integration; and embodied for example through computerized processing, artificial intelligence, one or more human agents, including in various combinations; the aspects of the invention are useful especially for enabling the comprehension and the absorption of knowledge that is provisional and progressive in nature, including, but not limited to, scientific knowledge. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method comprising: defining, by at least one of a processor and a user, a body of knowledge by at least one knowledge constraint; obtaining, by at least one of the processor and the user, a plurality of instances of articulations meeting the knowledge constraint; forming, by at least one of the processor and the user, a textual corpus from the plurality of instances of articulations; identifying, by at least one of the processor and the user, at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus, the at least one elementary knowledge unit being present in at least one lexical form; and, generating, by at least one of the processor and the user, an inventory of the at least one identified elementary knowledge unit based on at least one of a number of occurrences, and the relative proximity to at least one other elementary knowledge unit, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: adding at least one additional instance of articulations to the textual corpus; and, regenerating the inventory. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: obtaining at least one additional instance of articulations meeting the at least one knowledge constraint; identifying at least one elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations; and, generating an additional inventory of the at least one identified elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations based on at least one of a number of occurrences, and the relative proximity to at least one other elementary knowledge unit, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The method of claim 3, further comprising at least one of: adding the additional inventory to the inventory; and, comparing the additional inventory with the inventory and generating a record of the difference. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: obtaining at least one additional instance of articulations; identifying at least one elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations; generating an additional inventory of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations based on at least one of a number of occurrences, and the relative proximity to at least one other elementary knowledge units, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations; and, identifying at least one inventory of elementary knowledge units in the body of knowledge that includes the at least one identified elementary knowledge unit in the at least one additional instance of articulations. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The method of claim 5, further comprising: defining a new body of knowledge when the at least one elementary knowledge unit identified in the at least one additional instance of articulations is not present in the body of knowledge; and associating the additional inventory with the new body of knowledge. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: comparing two elementary knowledge units to determine whether the two elementary knowledge units provide different lexical forms of one selfsame semantic representation; and defining one of the elementary knowledge units as the lexical uniform of the semantic representation that uniforms the two different lexical forms of the selfsame semantic representation into one single elementary knowledge unit. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, where different lexical forms of one selfsame semantic representation include articulations in different languages. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: querying, by at least one of the processor and the user, for at least one elementary knowledge unit included in the inventory, the semantic relationship of at least one instance of articulations to the at least one elementary knowledge unit, the semantic relationship being one of affirmation, absence of affirmation, denial, absence of denial, augmentation, or absence of augmentation; and, generating, by at least one of the processor and the user, a compilation of the semantic relationship for the at least one elementary knowledge unit. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: regenerating the inventory of the elementary knowledge units in the body of knowledge after adding at least one elementary knowledge unit to the inventory of the elementary knowledge units of the body of knowledge. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, where the body of knowledge includes at least one elementary knowledge unit that is identified based on at least one of a number of occurrences, and the relative proximity to at least one other elementary knowledge unit, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in at least one instance of articulations. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: isolating, out of the textual corpus, at least one textual sub-corpus; querying, for at least one elementary knowledge unit, the semantic relationship of the textual sub-corpus to the at least one elementary knowledge unit, the semantic relationship being one of affirmation, absence of affirmation, denial, absence of denial, augmentation, or absence of augmentation; and, compiling, for the at least one elementary knowledge unit, the semantic relationship identified in the querying of the textual sub-corpus. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: defining at least first and second degrees of constellations of other elementary knowledge units interrelated with at least one elementary knowledge unit based on at least one of a number of occurrences of other elementary knowledge units, and the relative proximity to other elementary knowledge units, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of: storing the generated inventory of elementary knowledge units; and, storing at least one elementary knowledge unit paired with bibliographic information associated with at least one instance of articulations in which the at least one elementary knowledge unit is present. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of: including as the knowledge constraint at least one of subject matter, time period, aspect of instance of articulation, author, publisher, language; and, defining a new body of knowledge from the body of knowledge based on adding at least one other knowledge constraint. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: requesting a learner to articulate a first elementary knowledge unit in the inventory; and, receiving from the learner a first response to the request. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, further comprising: determining whether the first elementary knowledge unit is present in the first response; requesting the learner to rearticulate the first elementary knowledge unit, when the first elementary knowledge unit is determined to not be present; and, requesting the learner to articulate a second elementary knowledge unit, when the first elementary knowledge unit is determined to be present, where the second knowledge unit is also included in the inventory. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The method of claim 16, where requesting includes: generating at least one instance of natural language; and analyzing at least one instance of natural language received from the learner and at least one of: pairing at least one feature of natural language with at least one other identifier of the learner, issuing at least one instance of natural language where the verbalization is adapted in reference to the at least one other identifier, issuing at least one instance of natural language where the verbalization is directed by a conversational framework consisting of at least one conversational plot that is centered on at least one of imparting to the learner, and assessing the learner's mastery of the inventory, and issuing at least one instance of natural language and identifying as not being human. ### Claim 19 A system comprising: a memory; and, at least one processor to: define a body of knowledge by at least one knowledge constraint; obtain a plurality of instances of articulations meeting the knowledge constraint; form a textual corpus from the instances of articulations; identify at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus, the at least one elementary knowledge unit being present in at least one lexical form; and generate an inventory of the identified elementary knowledge units based on at least one of a number of occurrences, and the relative proximity to at least one other elementary knowledge unit, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus. ### Claim 20 A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions, the instructions comprising: one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: define a body of knowledge by at least one knowledge constraint; obtain a plurality of instances of articulations meeting the knowledge constraint; form a textual corpus from the at least one instance of articulations; identify at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus, the at least one elementary knowledge unit being present in at least one lexical form; and generate an inventory of the identified elementary knowledge units based on at least one of a number of occurrences, and the relative proximity to at least one other elementary knowledge unit, of the at least one elementary knowledge unit in the textual corpus.