Charging member, charging device, process cartridge, and image forming apparatus

Abstract

A charging member includes: a cylindrical or columnar conductive base material; and an elastic portion provided on the conductive base material, in which Re and Rc satisfy Re>Rc, where Re is an outer diameter of a charging member at a position of 5 mm from an axial end portion of an elastic portion, and Rc is the maximum value of an outer diameter of the charging member at an axial center of the elastic portion, and a cylindrical or columnar charging member has a value of Ac/Aa of 1.0 or less, in which Ac is the maximum amplitude value in a periodic region from 1.5 mm to 6 mm in a case of periodically analyzing a surface shape of the charging member in a circumferential direction, and Aa is the maximum amplitude value in a periodic region from 1.5 mm to 6 mm in a case of periodically analyzing a surface shape of the charging member in an axial direction.

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.