Method of making a nanostructured cylindrical roll

A method of patterning a cylindrical tool, comprising:

• providing a stamp comprising a base and a layer of solid state ionic conductor thereon;
• applying a negative of a predetermined pattern of features to a major surface of the solid state ionic conductor;
• providing a cylindrical tool having a metallic surface positioned proximate the stamp;
• applying an electric field between the metallic surface and a cathode while moving the stamp against the metallic surface in rolling line contact so as to impart the predetermined pattern of features onto the metallic surface, wherein the cathode is either the base or a conductive element positioned adjacent to the base, and further wherein a portion of the metallic surface is oxidized, thereby generating metal ions and free electrons, additionally wherein said metal ions migrate through the solid state ionic conductor to the cathode where they are reduced, and the free electrons migrate to the metallic surface, thereby imparting a positive of the predetermined pattern of features to the metallic surface.