Fuel heating

A vehicle comprising:

• an internal combustion engine configured to generate an engine torque using high-gasoline content fuel;
• at least one fuel injector configured to deliver the high-gasoline content fuel to a cylinder of the engine;
• at least one heating element configured to heat the high-gasoline content fuel prior to it being delivered to the cylinder by the fuel injector;
• a fuel pump connected to the heating element to supply high-gasoline content fuel to the heating element, the fuel pump being configured to pressurise the high-gasoline content fuel;
• and
• an engine controller configured to control the engine torque generated by the engine and control the fuel pressure generated by the fuel pump,
• wherein the engine controller uses a heated-fuel behaviour model of the engine, when the fuel is being heated by the heating element(s), to:
• (i) control an amount of fuel delivered by the fuel injector, the heated-fuel behaviour model causing a reduced fuel injection amount for a given engine torque relative to unheated high-gasoline content fuel;
• and (ii) cause a higher fuel pressure to be generated by the fuel pump relative to unheated high-gasoline content fuel.

A vehicle comprising:

• an internal combustion engine configured to generate an engine torque using high-gasoline content fuel;
• at least one fuel injector configured to deliver the high-gasoline content fuel to a cylinder of the engine;
• at least one heating element configured to heat the high-gasoline content fuel prior to it being delivered to the cylinder by the fuel injector;
• a fuel pump connected to the heating element to supply high-gasoline content fuel to the heating element, the fuel pump being configured to pressurise the high-gasoline content fuel;
• and
• an engine controller configured to control the fuel pressure generated by the fuel pump,
• wherein the engine controller uses a heated-fuel behaviour model of the engine, when the fuel is being heated by the heating element(s), to cause a higher fuel pressure to be generated by the fuel pump relative to unheated high-gasoline content fuel.